Java教程

JVM-StringTable面试题

本文主要是介绍JVM-StringTable面试题,对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值,需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧!

StringTable面试题:

String s1 = "a"; 
String s2 = "b"; 
String s3 = "a" + "b"; 
String s4 = s1 + s2; 
String s5 = "ab"; 
String s6 = s4.intern(); 

// 问 
System.out.println(s3 == s4); 
System.out.println(s3 == s5); 
System.out.println(s3 == s6); 

String x2 = new String("c") + new String("d");
String x1 = "cd"; 
x2.intern();
 
  // 问,如果调换了【最后两行代码】的位置呢,如果是jdk1.6呢 
System.out.println(x1 == x2);
// StringTable [ "a", "b" ,"ab" ]  hashtable 结构,不能扩容
public class Demo1_22 {
    // 常量池中的信息,都会被加载到运行时常量池中, 这时 a b ab 都是常量池中的符号,还没有变为 java 字符串对象
    // ldc #2 会把 a 符号变为 "a" 字符串对象
    // ldc #3 会把 b 符号变为 "b" 字符串对象
    // ldc #4 会把 ab 符号变为 "ab" 字符串对象

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s1 = "a"; // 懒惰的
        String s2 = "b";
        String s3 = "ab";
        String s4 = s1 + s2; // new StringBuilder().append("a").append("b").toString()  new String("ab")
        String s5 = "a" + "b";  // javac 在编译期间的优化,结果已经在编译期确定为ab

        System.out.println(s3 == s5);
    }
}

反编译class文件后

 javap -v Demo1_22.class 
Classfile /Users/eistert/Desktop/JVM/JVM/code/jvm/out/production/jvm/cn/itcast/jvm/t1/stringtable/Demo1_22.class
  Last modified Aug 1, 2021; size 985 bytes
  MD5 checksum a5eb84bf1a7d8a1e725491f36237777b
  Compiled from "Demo1_22.java"
public class cn.itcast.jvm.t1.stringtable.Demo1_22
  minor version: 0
  major version: 52
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #12.#36        // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = String             #37            // a
   #3 = String             #38            // b
   #4 = String             #39            // ab
   #5 = Class              #40            // java/lang/StringBuilder
   #6 = Methodref          #5.#36         // java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
   #7 = Methodref          #5.#41         // java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
   #8 = Methodref          #5.#42         // java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
   #9 = Fieldref           #43.#44        // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #10 = Methodref          #45.#46        // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Z)V
  #11 = Class              #47            // cn/itcast/jvm/t1/stringtable/Demo1_22
  #12 = Class              #48            // java/lang/Object
  #13 = Utf8               <init>
  #14 = Utf8               ()V
  #15 = Utf8               Code
  #16 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #17 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #18 = Utf8               this
  #19 = Utf8               Lcn/itcast/jvm/t1/stringtable/Demo1_22;
  #20 = Utf8               main
  #21 = Utf8               ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #22 = Utf8               args
  #23 = Utf8               [Ljava/lang/String;
  #24 = Utf8               s1
  #25 = Utf8               Ljava/lang/String;
  #26 = Utf8               s2
  #27 = Utf8               s3
  #28 = Utf8               s4
  #29 = Utf8               s5
  #30 = Utf8               StackMapTable
  #31 = Class              #23            // "[Ljava/lang/String;"
  #32 = Class              #49            // java/lang/String
  #33 = Class              #50            // java/io/PrintStream
  #34 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #35 = Utf8               Demo1_22.java
  #36 = NameAndType        #13:#14        // "<init>":()V
  #37 = Utf8               a
  #38 = Utf8               b
  #39 = Utf8               ab
  #40 = Utf8               java/lang/StringBuilder
  #41 = NameAndType        #51:#52        // append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #42 = NameAndType        #53:#54        // toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
  #43 = Class              #55            // java/lang/System
  #44 = NameAndType        #56:#57        // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #45 = Class              #50            // java/io/PrintStream
  #46 = NameAndType        #58:#59        // println:(Z)V
  #47 = Utf8               cn/itcast/jvm/t1/stringtable/Demo1_22
  #48 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
  #49 = Utf8               java/lang/String
  #50 = Utf8               java/io/PrintStream
  #51 = Utf8               append
  #52 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #53 = Utf8               toString
  #54 = Utf8               ()Ljava/lang/String;
  #55 = Utf8               java/lang/System
  #56 = Utf8               out
  #57 = Utf8               Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #58 = Utf8               println
  #59 = Utf8               (Z)V
{
  public cn.itcast.jvm.t1.stringtable.Demo1_22();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 4: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       5     0  this   Lcn/itcast/jvm/t1/stringtable/Demo1_22;

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
    descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=3, locals=6, args_size=1
         0: ldc           #2                  // String a
         2: astore_1
         3: ldc           #3                  // String b
         5: astore_2
         6: ldc           #4                  // String ab
         8: astore_3
         9: new           #5                  // class java/lang/StringBuilder
        12: dup
        13: invokespecial #6                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
        16: aload_1
        17: invokevirtual #7                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
        20: aload_2
        21: invokevirtual #7                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
        24: invokevirtual #8                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
        27: astore        4
        29: ldc           #4                  // String ab
        31: astore        5
        33: getstatic     #9                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
        36: aload_3
        37: aload         5
        39: if_acmpne     46
        42: iconst_1
        43: goto          47
        46: iconst_0
        47: invokevirtual #10                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Z)V
        50: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 11: 0
        line 12: 3
        line 13: 6
        line 14: 9
        line 15: 29
        line 17: 33
        line 21: 50
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      51     0  args   [Ljava/lang/String;
            3      48     1    s1   Ljava/lang/String;
            6      45     2    s2   Ljava/lang/String;
            9      42     3    s3   Ljava/lang/String;
           29      22     4    s4   Ljava/lang/String;
           33      18     5    s5   Ljava/lang/String;
      StackMapTable: number_of_entries = 2
        frame_type = 255 /* full_frame */
          offset_delta = 46
          locals = [ class "[Ljava/lang/String;", class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String ]
          stack = [ class java/io/PrintStream ]
        frame_type = 255 /* full_frame */
          offset_delta = 0
          locals = [ class "[Ljava/lang/String;", class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String, class java/lang/String ]
          stack = [ class java/io/PrintStream, int ]
}
SourceFile: "Demo1_22.java"

String s4 = s1 + s2; 对应的指令
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javac 在编译期间的优化,结果已经在编译期确定为ab
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StringTable字符串延迟加载

/**
 * 演示字符串字面量也是【延迟】成为对象的
 */
public class TestString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int x = args.length;
        System.out.println(); // 字符串个数 2275

        System.out.print("1");
        System.out.print("2");
        System.out.print("3");
        System.out.print("4");
        System.out.print("5");
        System.out.print("6");
        System.out.print("7");
        System.out.print("8");
        System.out.print("9");
        System.out.print("0");
        System.out.print("1"); // 字符串个数 2285
        System.out.print("2");
        System.out.print("3");
        System.out.print("4");
        System.out.print("5");
        System.out.print("6");
        System.out.print("7");
        System.out.print("8");
        System.out.print("9");
        System.out.print("0");
        System.out.print(x); // 字符串个数 2285
    }
}

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可以使用 intern 方法,主动将串池中还没有的字符串对象放入串池

1.8 将这个字符串对象尝试放入串池,如果有则并不会放入,如果没有则放入串池, 会把串
池中的对象返回
1.6 将这个字符串对象尝试放入串池,如果有则并不会放入,如果没有会把此对象复制一份,
放入串池, 会把串池中的对象返回
public class Demo1_23 {

    //  ["ab", "a", "b"]
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String x = "ab";
        String s = new String("a") + new String("b");

        // 堆  new String("a")   new String("b") new String("ab")
        String s2 = s.intern(); // 将这个字符串对象尝试放入串池,如果有则并不会放入,如果没有则放入串池, 会把串池中的对象返回

        System.out.println( s2 == x);
        System.out.println( s == x );
    }

}

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