新建项目并导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.itmuch</groupId>
    <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>gateway</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>0.9.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

写配置

server:
  port: 8040
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #打到nacos上
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          # 让gateway通过服务发现组件找到其他的微服务
          enabled: true
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*' # 暴露所有的端点
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always # 健康检查

使用

1. http://localhost:8040/content-center/share/1

2. http://localhost:8002/users/1

3. http://localhost:8010/share/1

简单理解

Gateway核心概念
路由：转发规则
谓词：转发规则的条件
过滤器：业务逻辑

当用户访问/users/1时会进入到ID为sime_route这个理由里面，经过filters的AddRequestHeader这个过滤器处理后转发到url上。

不过我们现在直接用以下代码在配置文件中实现反向代理进行转发

         gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          # 让gateway通过服务发现组件找到其他的微服务
          enabled: true

内置路由谓词工厂详解地址：http://www.imocc.com/article/290804