Linux教程
CentOS8 中 Samba环境搭建（满足Linux和Windows系统之间文件共享传输）
本文主要是介绍CentOS8 中 Samba环境搭建（满足Linux和Windows系统之间文件共享传输），对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
Samba服务器通信协议（Server Messages Block）就是是为了解决局域网内的文件或打印机等资源的共享服务问题，让多个主机之间共享文件变成越来越简单
一、前置条件
1.Linux和Windows系统之间网络能互通
[root@samba ~]# ping 192.168.205.89 PING 192.168.205.89 (192.168.205.89) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=1 ttl=125 time=0.570 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=2 ttl=125 time=0.497 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=3 ttl=125 time=1.08 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=4 ttl=125 time=1.36 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=5 ttl=125 time=0.498 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=6 ttl=125 time=0.615 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=7 ttl=125 time=0.511 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=8 ttl=125 time=2.72 ms
2.检查linux系统版本
[root@samba ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 8.3.2011
3.检查selinux状态
[root@samba ~]# getenforce Disabled 【此状态为关闭状态，若不是请按如下操作】 关闭SELINUX [root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
重启系统 [root@bogon ~]# reboot
4.检查firewall状态
[root@samba ~]# firewall-cmd --state
否则，按照下述操作关闭防火墙 #关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld #开机禁用防火墙 systemctl disable firewalld
二、安装samba服务端
1.检查linux系统是否安装了Samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -qa|grep samba
2.安装Samba
[root@samba ~]# yum install -y samba Last metadata expiration check: 2:58:07 ago on Fri 16 Jul 2021 02:55:28 PM CST. Dependencies resolved. ============================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================= Installing: samba x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 846 k Installing dependencies: libwbclient x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 119 k samba-client-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 5.4 M samba-common noarch 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 218 k samba-common-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 171 k samba-common-tools x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 498 k samba-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 168 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================= Install 7 Packages Total download size: 7.4 M Installed size: 25 M Downloading Packages: (1/7): libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.6 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00 (2/7): samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 11 MB/s | 846 kB 00:00 (3/7): samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch.rpm 5.1 MB/s | 218 kB 00:00 (4/7): samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 10 MB/s | 171 kB 00:00 (5/7): samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 7.5 MB/s | 168 kB 00:00 (6/7): samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 11 MB/s | 498 kB 00:00 (7/7): samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 35 MB/s | 5.4 MB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 13 MB/s | 7.4 MB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7 Installing : samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7 Running scriptlet: samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7 Installing : samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 2/7 Installing : libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/7 Installing : samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 4/7 Installing : samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 5/7 Installing : samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 6/7 Installing : samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7 Running scriptlet: samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7 Running scriptlet: libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7 Running scriptlet: samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7 Verifying : libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 1/7 Verifying : samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 2/7 Verifying : samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/7 Verifying : samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 4/7 Verifying : samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 5/7 Verifying : samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 6/7 Verifying : samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7 Installed: libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 Complete!
三、配置samba服务端
1.创建smb的访问账户和密码
[root@samba home]# adduser myshare [root@samba home]# passwd myshare Changing password for user myshare. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is based on a dictionary word Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
2.设置文件所有者和文件关联组的,-R : 处理指定目录以及其子目录下的所有文件
[root@samba home]# chown -R myshare /home/myshare/
3.变更文件或目录的所属群组
[root@samba home]# chgrp -R myshare /home/myshare/
4.控制用户对文件的权限的命令
[root@samba home]# chmod -R 777 /home/myshare/
5.修改/etc/samba/smb.conf文件，配置共享文件
[root@samba myshare]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or
# read the smb.conf manpage.
# Run 'testparm' to verify the config is correct after
# you modified it.
[global]
workgroup = SAMBA
security = user
map to guest = Bad User //可以查看共享的根文件夹名，如果删除，登陆服务器就需要用户名和密码
passdb backend = tdbsam
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
valid users = %S, %D%w%S
browseable = No
read only = No
inherit acls = Yes
[printers]
comment = All Printers
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
valid users = %S, %D%w%S
browseable = No
read only = No
inherit acls = Yes
[printers]
comment = All Printers
path = /var/tmp
printable = Yes
create mask = 0600
browseable = No
[print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
write list = @printadmin root
force group = @printadmin
create mask = 0664
directory mask = 0775
[share]
path = /home/myshare//共享目录的路径
writable = yes //取消此句不可写入，只能浏览
guest ok = yes//取消此句不可浏览，提示没有权限
6.增加共享目录文件的操作
[root@samba opt]# mkdir Download [root@samba opt]# chown -R myshare /opt/Download/ [root@samba opt]# chgrp -R myshare /opt/Download/ [root@samba opt]# chmod -R 777 /opt/Download/ [root@samba myshare]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
【操作过程基本与上述一致，增加更多以此类推】
四、启动smb
1.启动smb
[root@samba ~]# systemctl start smb
2.enable开机自动启动
[root@samba ~]# systemctl enable smb
3.查看服务是否启动：Active：active(running)代表启动成功
[root@samba ~]# systemctl status smb
五、验证
1.打开WIN + R
2.此处我配置的是免密登录，因此回车后直接接入共享文件夹
【如果配置的是账号密码登录，则会弹出登录窗口，输入账号和密码即可】
3.不管是windows还是linux创建文档，实现了同步与共享
六、卸载 samba
第一、 首先检查Samba服务包
rpm -qa | grep samba
第二、逐个删除，输入命令#rpm -e samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
第三、逐个删除，输入命令#rpm -e samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
第四、剩下的可能删不掉，则使用rpm -e --nodeps去删除
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch
samba已经不存在了
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