1、ERROR: invalid PHP executable specified by TEST_PHP_EXECUTABLE  = /usr/local/src/php-5.3.18/sapi/cli/php 出现情况：make php过程中的错误 错误意思： 关闭安全模式就好了，都是safe模式的测试 惹的祸。最新版的php 安装包中已经没有safe模块了。 解决办法： 该错误可以忽略直接make install 好了。
2、nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("www") failed 出现情况：刚装完nginx后，运行测试文件的时候。 错误意思：获得 www  用户失败。 解决办法：在nginx.conf中 把"#user nobody;"的前面#注释去掉，改为"user www www;"
3、nginx: [error] open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory) 出现情况：刚安装完nginx后重启时报的错。 错误意思：在   /usr/local/nginx/logs 目录下没有nginx.pid 解决办法： 运行这句话，问题解决 "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 这句话的意思的为nginx指定配置文件路径。 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  测试nginx的配置文件是否正确
4、nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored 出现情况： 配置完nginx的 配置文件后，reload时出现的这个错误。 错误意思：nginx的 配置文件中有域名冲突了 解决办法：查看配置文件是否有冲突的域名，如果有的话删除再reload就可以了。 linux上用LINUX下用grep "blogguy.cn"搜索一下，一般是由于修改的是没有注意造成的。 搜索到有相同的重复，去掉重复的域名配置就可以了。
5、nginx: [alert] kill(34719, 1) failed (3: No such process) 出现情况：重启linux系统后，运行 "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload" 报这个错误 错误意思：nginx启动的时候杀死进程34719失败，原因是没有这个进程。 解决办法： [root @mylinux ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf [root @mylinu x ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 指定一下nginx 的配置文件 然后重启就好了。
6、[root@mylinux logs]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t [23-Jun-2013 21:00:29] ERROR: failed to open configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file or directory (2) [23-Jun-2013 21:00:29] ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf' [23-Jun-2013 21:00:29] ERROR: FPM initialization failed 出现情况：运行 " /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t " 测试 php-fpm 的配置文件时出现。 错误意思：找不到  php-fpm.conf 文件（php-fpm配置文件） 解决办法： [root@mylinux init.d]# cd /usr/local/php/etc [root@mylinux etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf [root@mylinux etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t [23-Jun-2013 21:04:00] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
7、[root@mylinux init.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start  或者 service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm [23-Jun-2013 21:16:01] ERROR: failed to open configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf': No such file or directory (2) [23-Jun-2013 21:16:01] ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf' [23-Jun-2013 21:16:01] ERROR: FPM initialization failed  failed 出现情况：启动php-fpm的时候遇到，该问题和问题6、实际是同一个问题。 错误意思： 找不到  php-fpm.conf 文件（php-fpm配置文件） 解决办法： [root@mylinux init.d]# cd /usr/local/php/etc [root@mylinux etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf [root@mylinux etc]# service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm  done
8、Starting MySQL.. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/mylinux.pid). 出现情况：运行" service mysqld start"或者" /etc/init.d/mysqld start" 启动mysqld守护进程的时 错误意思：重启mysql失败，原因是找不到 解决办法： 从报错上看，看不出具体问题，只能看日志了 [root@mylinux /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data [root@mylinux data]# tail -f -n 20 mylinux.err
130623 16:34:53 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data 130623 16:34:53 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 130623 16:34:53 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 130623 16:34:53 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 130623 16:34:53 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 130623 16:34:53 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 130623 16:34:53 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. InnoDB: Unable to lock ./ibdata1, error: 11 InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process InnoDB: using the same InnoDB data or log files. 130623 16:36:33  InnoDB: Unable to open the first data file InnoDB: Error in opening ./ibdata1 130623 16:36:33  InnoDB: Operating system error number 11 in a file operation. InnoDB: Error number 11 means 'Resource temporarily unavailable'. InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/operating-system-error-codes.html 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: Could not open or create data files. 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: If you tried to add new data files, and it failed here, 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: you should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not 130623 16:36:33 InnoDB: remove old data files which contain your precious data! 130623 16:36:33 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 130623 16:36:33 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. 130623 16:36:33 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB 130623 16:36:33 [ERROR] Aborting 130623 16:36:33 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete 130623 16:36:33 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/mylinux.pid ended
出现情况： 查看以上日志很明显是一句  InnoDB: Check that you do not already have another mysqld process 说明已经有mysqld进程在运行了，所以启动mysql失败。 解决办法： [root@mylinux etc]# ps -ef|grep mysqld [root@mylinux etc]# kill -9  进程号 [root@mylinux etc]# service mysqld start 这是启动一次 mysql 报的具体的错误。 我重启了一下CentOS服务器，再重启一下mysqld，问题自己解决了，可能是由于LVM磁盘管理软件的原因。
google了下 ，出现这个问题可能的原因有多种，具体什么原因最好的办法是先查看下错误日志：

1.可能是/usr/local/mysql/data/rekfan.pid文件没有写的权限
解决方法 ：给予权限，执行 “chown -R mysql:mysql /var/data” “chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/data”  然后重新启动mysqld！

2.可能进程里已经存在mysql进程
解决方法：用命令“ps -ef|grep mysqld”查看是否有mysqld进程，如果有使用“kill -9  进程号”杀死，然后重新启动mysqld！

3.可能是第二次在机器上安装mysql，有残余数据影响了服务的启动。
解决方法：去mysql的数据目录/data看看，如果存在mysql-bin.index，就赶快把它删除掉吧，它就是罪魁祸首了。本人就是使用第三条方法解决的 ！http://blog.rekfan.com/?p=186

4.mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，请打开这个文件查看在[mysqld]节下有没有指定数据目录(datadir)。
解决方法：请在[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

5.skip-federated字段问题
解决方法：检查一下/etc/my.cnf文件中有没有没被注释掉的skip-federated字段，如果有就立即注释掉吧。

6.错误日志目录不存在
解决方法：使用“chown” “chmod”命令赋予mysql所有者及权限

7.selinux惹的祸，如果是centos系统，默认会开启selinux
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出重启机器试试。

8.mysql的data目录挂载的磁盘空间已经用完

解决方法：df -h 查看磁盘使用情况，果然磁盘满了，因为当时分区采用系统默认，不知道为什么不能自动扩容然后清理多余数据，以后在研究吧。启动mysql，成功启动！