问题:
正常获取IP方法,此方式通过获取请求头的方式拿到IP
ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
于是可以模拟在请求头添加x-forwarded-for,伪造ip发送请求,
结果Java获取到的ip为仿造后的:111.111.111.111
解决:配置nginx即可。
若项目没有使用nginx或其他代理,则只需修改代码。
String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
public static String getIP(HttpServletRequest request) { // 获取真实Ip。未使用代理的情况下,若使用nginx,则获取到的是nginx的ip String ip = request.getRemoteAddr(); // 若使用了nginx,则需要配置 // proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; // proxy_set_header Host $host; // proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; // 获取nginx代理前的用户Ip // String ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP"); if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"); } if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) { ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); } //对于通过多个代理的情况,第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割 //"***.***.***.***".length() = 15 if (ip != null && ip.length() > 15) { if (ip.indexOf(",") > 0) { ip = ip.substring(0, ip.indexOf(",")); } } return ip; }
效果:经处理,获取的ip为真实的,公司的外网IP:182.***.***.***
后续可通过真实ip进行限流