GUI编程详解

本文主要是介绍GUI编程详解，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1.简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
GUI缺点：

  1. 界面不美观
  2. 需要jre环境

为什么要学习GUI？

可以写出自己想要的工具。
实际工作中可能需要维护swing界面
了解MVC和监听。

2.AWT

2.1相关知识

介绍：包含了很多类和接口。用于图形界面编程。
元素：窗口、按钮、文本框
java里面的awt包
图片介绍：

2.2组件和容器

2.2.1 Frame窗口实现

单个窗口实现

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame窗口
        Frame frame = new Frame("一起来飞车2，等你来战");
        //设置窗口可见性  setVisible默认是false
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置窗口背景颜色  Color属性
        frame.setBackground(new Color(144, 41, 39));
        //设置窗口位置
        frame.setLocation(12,24);
        //设置窗口大小不变  setResizable默认是true
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }
}

运行效果：
在这里插入图片描述

问题：运行的窗口无法关闭，只能通过关闭java运行机制。

多个窗口实现

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,300,300,Color.BLUE);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(400,100,300,300,Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,400,300,300,Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(400,400,300,300,Color.black);
    }
}


class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id=0;//可能存在多个窗口，就需要一个计数器解决
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

运行效果如下：

在这里插入图片描述

2.2.2面板Panel

解决了关闭事件的问题：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//panel 面板 不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //窗口
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //面板--布局
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //布局 默认为null
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //设置坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);

        //设置颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(148, 172, 219));

        //panel设置  相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(220, 42, 91));

        //添加
        frame.add(panel);

        //设置窗口可见
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置监听事件 监听窗口结束事件----->addWindowListener
        //适配器模式:
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            /**
             * Invoked when a window is in the process of being closed.
             * The close operation can be overridden at this point.
             *
             * @param e
             */
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {//窗口关闭
               // super.windowClosing(e);
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

运行效果：
在这里插入图片描述

2.2.3布局管理器

流式布局：从左到右

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//布局
public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //定义组件--->按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置大小
        frame.setSize(500,500);

        //设置布局  流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//居中  默认
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));//左边
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));//右边

        //添加组件-->按钮
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        //设置窗口可见
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //关闭
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            /**
             * Invoked when a window is in the process of being closed.
             * The close operation can be overridden at this point.
             *
             * @param e
             */
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

东西南北中式布局

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(500,500);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            /**
             * Invoked when a window is in the process of being closed.
             * The close operation can be overridden at this point.
             *
             * @param e
             */
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

表格布局 Grid

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button b1 = new Button("b1");
        Button b2 = new Button("b2");
        Button b3 = new Button("b3");
        Button b4 = new Button("b4");
        Button b5 = new Button("b5");
        Button b6 = new Button("b6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,3));

        frame.add(b1);
        frame.add(b2);
        frame.add(b3);
        frame.add(b4);
        frame.add(b5);
        frame.add(b6);

        frame.pack();//Java函数，可以自定义布局
        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

实践操作：
代码：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        frame.setSize(400,300);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(220, 42, 91));
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));//表示全局观察  分为两个部分

        //面板
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //上面部分
        //两边
        panel1.add(new Button("east-01"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("west-01"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间
        panel2.add(new Button("panel2-btu-01"));
        panel2.add(new Button("panel2-btu-02"));

        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //下面部分
        //两边
        panel3.add(new Button("east-02"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("west-02"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间部分面板
        for (int i = 1; i <=4 ; i++) {
            panel4.add(new Button("panel4-btu-0"+i));
        }
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        //窗口添加面板
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);

        //关闭窗口
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

运行效果：
在这里插入图片描述

总结：

Frame是一个顶级窗口。
Panel无法单独操作，必须添加到某个容器中。
布局管理器。
基本属性大小、定位、背景颜色、监听。

2.2.4事件监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //定义按钮 触发事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);


        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();//自定义填充界面

        windowClose(frame);//关闭监听
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
//提取出来  监听结束事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }

}

class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("郭牛逼");
    }
}

2.2.5 文本框 TextField 监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestTextField {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //文本框  main方法应该只需要有启动功能即可
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
        windowClose(myFrame);
    }

    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
         //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter键 就会触发输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码 把输入框中的文字替换
        textField.setEchoChar('#');

        setBounds(200,400,500,500);
        setVisible(true);

        //pack();

    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field= (TextField) e.getSource();//获取一些资源  返回一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得文本框中的内容，输出在控制台上
        field.setText("");//不能是null 只可以使 ""
    }
}

简易计算器实践

基础代码：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
        windowClose(calculator);
    }

    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    public Calculator(){
        TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);//加数
        TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);//被加数
        TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);//和

        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(textField1,textField2,textField3));

        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}


//监听事件
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField textField1,TextField textField2,TextField textField3){
        this.textField1=textField1;
        this.textField2=textField2;
        this.textField3=textField3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获取数值
        int parseInt1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
        int parseInt2 = Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());

        textField3.setText(""+(parseInt1+parseInt2));//计算结果

        textField1.setText("");//清除
        textField2.setText("");

    }
}

优化代码（组合、完全改造为面向对象写法）：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
        calculator.loadFrame();
        windowClose(calculator);
    }

    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField textField1, textField2, textField3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        textField1 = new TextField(10);//加数
        textField2 = new TextField(10);//被加数
        textField3 = new TextField(20);//和
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

//监听事件
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取计算器对象  在一个类中组合另一个类
    Calculator calculator=null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator=calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获取数值
        int parseInt1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());
        int parseInt2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField2.getText());

        calculator.textField3.setText(""+(parseInt1+parseInt2));//计算结果

        calculator.textField1.setText("");//清除
        calculator.textField2.setText("");

    }
}

内部类优化---->优点就是可以更好的、畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
        calculator.loadFrame();
        windowClose(calculator);
    }

    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField textField1, textField2, textField3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame() {

        textField1 = new TextField(10);//加数
        textField2 = new TextField(10);//被加数
        textField3 = new TextField(20);//和
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(textField1);
        add(label);
        add(textField2);
        add(button);
        add(textField3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);

    }
    //监听事件
   private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //获取数值
            int parseInt1 = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
            int parseInt2 = Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());

            textField3.setText(""+(parseInt1+parseInt2));//计算结果

            textField1.setText("");//清除
            textField2.setText("");

        }
    }
}

2.2.6 画笔

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//画笔
public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyPaint myPaint = new MyPaint();
        myPaint.loadFrame();
        windowClose(myPaint);
    }
    //监听事件 关闭
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{
//窗口
    public void loadFrame(){

        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //super.paint(g);
        //首先画笔要有颜色，其次要有画画   注意：每次结束画笔之后需要将图画还原为原来的颜色

        //g.setColor(Color.yellow);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);
        //g.setColor(Color.ORANGE);
        g.fillRect(200,200,300,200);
    }
}

2.2.7 鼠标监听

思路如下图：
在这里插入图片描述

代码如下：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame("画图");
        windowClose(myFrame);

    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//定义自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{

    //定义鼠标点数量的属性
    ArrayList points;

   public MyFrame(String string){
       super(string);
       setBounds(200,200,400,300);

       //存放鼠标的 "点"
        points = new ArrayList<>();

       setVisible(true);

       //鼠标监听器  对应窗口
       this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

   }
    //画图
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画 设置鼠标监听事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){

            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.pink);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }

    }
    //添加鼠标点
    public void addPoint(Point point){
       points.add(point);
    }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
          MyFrame frame= (MyFrame) e.getSource();//获取鼠标点的信息
          frame.addPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY())); //获取鼠标点的当前位置
          frame.repaint();//刷新  每一次点击鼠标就会刷新

        }
    }
}

2.2.8 窗口监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBounds(100,200,400,300);
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setVisible(true);

      //  addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

       this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
           //匿名内部类
           @Override
           public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
              // super.windowClosing(e);
               System.out.println("关闭按钮");
               System.exit(0);
           }

           @Override
           public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
              // super.windowActivated(e);
               WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
               source.setTitle("激活成功");
               System.out.println("激活按钮");
           }
       });

    }
//    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
//        @Override
//        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//            setVisible(false);//通过点击按钮，隐藏窗口
//            System.exit(0);
//        }
//    }
}

2.2.9 键盘监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        KeyFrame keyFrame = new KeyFrame();
        windowClose(keyFrame);
    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(10,10,200,200);
        setVisible(true);

        addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //按下键盘上的不同按钮机会产生不同的结果
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //首先要获取当前键盘要按下的键的值（ASCII码）
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode);//输出的是ASCII码值
                if (keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
                    System.out.println("你按下了下贱");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

3.Swing

3.1、窗口

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    public void init(){
        JFrame jFrame = new JFrame();
        jFrame.setBounds(100,100,200,300);
        jFrame.setVisible(true);
        jFrame.setBackground(Color.yellow);

        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎光临Grul");
        jFrame.add(jLabel);

        //关闭窗口
        jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签居中：

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        MyJFrame myJFrame = new MyJFrame();
        myJFrame.init();
        myJFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}
class MyJFrame extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(12,12,200,300);

        //设置一个标签
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎光临！");
        add(jLabel);//窗口添加
        //设置文本内容位置  居中对齐
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得一个容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);//设置容器颜色
    }
}

3.2、弹窗 Dialog

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

    public DialogDemo() {
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(10,10,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //设置容器  存放东西
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //创建一个弹窗按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("这是一个弹窗按钮，你试试看");
        jButton.setBounds(30,30,400,50);

        //点击按钮 弹出弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //调用弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(jButton);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

//设置一个弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        setVisible(true);
        //setBackground(Color.yellow);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);


        //container.add(new Label("老子带你学道德经"));
    }
}

3.3、标签

label标签

图标 ICON

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标  是一个接口需要实现类  Frame来继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){}//无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width,int height){
        this.width=width;
        this.height=height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(20,20);
        //把图标放在标签上 也可以放在按钮上   格式：自己命名+代码名称+位置
        JLabel label = new JLabel("肖像",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,500,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片Icon

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;


public class ImageDemo1 extends JFrame {

    public ImageDemo1(){
        JLabel label = new JLabel("小事情");
        //获取图片的地址
       ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon("src/com/ggl/lesson04/ye.jpg");

        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageDemo1();
    }
}

3.4、面板

JPanel

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo  extends JFrame {

    public JPanelDemo() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面的参数表示间距

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));

        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel.add(new JButton("3"));

        container.add(panel);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(10,20);
        textArea.setText("欢迎光临");
        //Scroll 面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5、按钮

图片按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变成图标
        Icon imageIcon = new ImageIcon("src/com/ggl/lesson05/ye.jpg");
        JButton button = new JButton();

        button.setIcon(imageIcon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        container.add(button);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("迪迦");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("泰罗");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("欧布");

        //单选框进行分组才能在选择时是单项选择  分组之后，一组之中只能选一个
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);

        //添加到容器中
        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //pack();

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("假面骑士空我");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("假面骑士电王");
        JCheckBox checkBox3 = new JCheckBox("假面骑士零一");
        

        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //pack();

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

下拉框
- 选择地区，或者一些单个选择

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class ComboBoxDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public ComboBoxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //下拉框 JComboBox
        JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();

        comboBox.addItem(null);
        comboBox.addItem("热映中");
        comboBox.addItem("已停播");
        comboBox.addItem("已禁播");

        container.add(comboBox);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ComboBoxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框
- 展示信息，一般是动态扩容。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class ComboBoxDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public ComboBoxDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

       //生成列表中的内容  数组类型  静态添加
        //String[] contents={"1","2","3"};

        //不常用
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        //动态添加
        contents.add("迪迦");
        contents.add("泰迦");
        contents.add("泰罗");
        contents.add("赛文");
        contents.add("泽塔");

        //创建一个列表存放数据
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ComboBoxDemo02();
    }
}

3.7 文本框

文本框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TextDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public TextDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();


        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world");

        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
       // container.setLayout(null);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TextDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public TextDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();


        //面板  密码框
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');//设置密码不可见
        container.add(passwordField);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,700,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(10,20);
        textArea.setText("欢迎光临");
        //Scroll 面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);


        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

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Java教程

GUI编程详解

1.简介

2.AWT

2.1相关知识

2.2组件和容器

2.2.1 Frame窗口实现

2.2.2面板Panel

2.2.3布局管理器

2.2.4事件监听

2.2.5 文本框 TextField 监听

简易计算器实践

2.2.6 画笔

2.2.7 鼠标监听

2.2.8 窗口监听

2.2.9 键盘监听

3.Swing

3.1、窗口

3.2、弹窗 Dialog

3.3、标签

3.4、面板

3.5、按钮

3.6、列表

3.7 文本框

前端开发

后端开发

移动端开发

数据库

服务器运维

人工智能

区块链

游戏开发

网站运营

大数据/云计算

软件工程

软件/开发工具使用

资讯