string构造函数
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string s1; cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl; const char *str = "hello world"; string s2(str); cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl; string s3(s2); cout << "s3 = " << s3 << endl; string s4(10, 'a'); cout << "s4 = " << s4 << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
string的多种构造方式没有可比性,灵活使用即可。
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string str1; str1 = "hello world"; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; string str2; str2 = str1; cout << str2 << endl; string str3; str3 = 'a'; cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; string str4; str4.assign("hello c++"); cout << "str4 = " << str4 << endl; string str5; str5.assign("hello c++", 5); cout << "str5 = " << str5 << endl; string str6; str6.assign(str5); cout << "str6 = " << str6 << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
string的赋值方式很多,operator= 这种方式是比较实用的。
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string str1 = "我"; str1 += "爱玩游戏"; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; str1 += ":"; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; string str2 = "LoL DNF"; str1 += str2; cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; string str3 = "I"; str3.append("Love"); //str3.append(str2); str3.append("game abcde", 4); str3.append(str2, 4, 3);//从下标4位置开始,截取3个字符,拼接到字符串末尾 cout << "str3 = " << str3 << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { //查找 string str1 = "abcdefgde"; int pos = str1.find("de"); if (pos == -1) { cout << "no find" << endl; } else cout << "pos = " << pos << endl; pos = str1.rfind("de"); cout << "pos = " << pos << endl; } void test02() { //替换 string str1 = "abcdefgde"; str1.replace(1, 3, "1111"); cout << "str1 = " << str1 << endl; } int main() { test01(); cout << "-----------------------------------"<<endl; test02(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string s1 = "hello"; string s2 = "aello"; int ret = s1.compare(s2); if (ret == 0) { cout << "s1 = s2" << endl; } else if (ret > 0) { cout << "s1 > s2" << endl; } else { cout << "s1 < s2" << endl; } } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
字符串对比主要是用于比较两个字符串是否相等,判断谁大谁小的意义并不是很大。
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string str = "hello world"; for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++) { cout << str[i] << " "; } cout << endl; for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++) { cout << str.at(i) << " "; } cout << endl; //字符修改 str[0] = 'x'; str.at(1) = 'x'; cout << str << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
string字符串中单个字符存取有两种方式,利用[]或at
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string str = "hello"; str.insert(1, "111"); cout << str << endl; str.erase(1, 3); cout << str << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果:
总结:
插入和删除的起始下标都是从0开始
代码如下:
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; void test01() { string str = "abcdefg"; string subStr = str.substr(1, 3); cout << "subStr = " << subStr << endl; string email = "hello@sina.com"; int pos = email.find("@"); string username = email.substr(0, pos); cout << "username = " << username << endl; } int main() { test01(); return 0; }
测试结果: