D001.6 Docker搭建Hadoop集群（资源篇）

本文主要是介绍D001.6 Docker搭建Hadoop集群（资源篇），对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

教程目录

0x00 教程内容
0x01 Dockerfile的编写
- - - - 1. Dockerfile文件
0x02 Hadoop相关配置文件
- - - - 1. ssh_config
      - 2. profile
      - 3. hadoop-env.sh
      - 4. core-site.xml
      - 5. hdfs-site.xml
      - 6. master
      - 7. slaves
      - 8. mapred-site.xml
      - 9. yarn-site.xml
0x03 构建脚本
- - - - 1. 构建容器网络脚本(build.sh)
      - 2. 构建容器脚本(build_network.sh)
0x04 启动脚本
- - - - 1. 启动容器(start_containers.sh)
      - 2. 停止容器(stop_containers.sh)
      - 3. 启动Hadoop集群(start_hadoop.sh)
0xFF 总结

0x00 教程内容

Dockerfile的编写
Hadoop相关配置文件
构建脚本
启动脚本

0x01 Dockerfile的编写

1. Dockerfile文件

FROM ubuntu
MAINTAINER shaonaiyi shaonaiyi@163.com
ENV BUILD_ON 2017-10-12
RUN apt-get update -qqy
RUN apt-get -qqy install vim wget net-tools  iputils-ping  openssh-server
ADD ./jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/
ADD ./hadoop-2.7.5.tar.gz  /usr/local
#增加JAVA_HOME环境变量
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_161
ENV HADOOP_HOME /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.5 
ENV PATH $HADOOP_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$PATH
RUN ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' && \
    cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys && \
    chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
COPY config /tmp
RUN mv /tmp/ssh_config    ~/.ssh/config && \
    mv /tmp/hadoop-env.sh $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh && \
    mv /tmp/hdfs-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml && \ 
    mv /tmp/core-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml && \
    mv /tmp/yarn-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml && \
    mv /tmp/mapred-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml && \
    mv /tmp/master $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/master && \
    mv /tmp/slaves $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/slaves && \
    mv /tmp/start-hadoop.sh ~/start-hadoop.sh && \
    mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop2.7/dfs/data && \
    mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop2.7/dfs/name
RUN echo $JAVA_HOME
WORKDIR /root
RUN /etc/init.d/ssh start
CMD ["/bin/bash"]

0x02 Hadoop相关配置文件

1. ssh_config

Host localhost
  StrictHostKeyChecking no

Host 0.0.0.0
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  
Host hadoop-*
   StrictHostKeyChecking no

2. profile

# /etc/profile: system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shell (sh(1))
# and Bourne compatible shells (bash(1), ksh(1), ash(1), ...).

if [ "$PS1" ]; then
  if [ "$BASH" ] && [ "$BASH" != "/bin/sh" ]; then
    # The file bash.bashrc already sets the default PS1.
    # PS1='\h:\w\$ '
    if [ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]; then
      . /etc/bash.bashrc
    fi
  else
    if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ]; then
      PS1='# '
    else
      PS1='$ '
    fi
  fi
fi

if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
  for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
    if [ -r $i ]; then
      . $i
    fi
  done
  unset i
fi

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_161
export SCALA_HOME=/usr/local/scala-2.11.8
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.5
export SPARK_HOME=/usr/local/spark-2.2.0-bin-hadoop2.7


export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$SCALA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$SPARK_HOME/bin:$PATH

3. hadoop-env.sh

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.

# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME. All others are
# optional. When running a distributed configuration it is best to
# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on
# remote nodes.

# The java implementation to use.
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_161

# The jsvc implementation to use. Jsvc is required to run secure datanodes
# that bind to privileged ports to provide authentication of data transfer
# protocol. Jsvc is not required if SASL is configured for authentication of
# data transfer protocol using non-privileged ports.
#export JSVC_HOME=${JSVC_HOME}

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-"/etc/hadoop"}

# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Automatically insert capacity-scheduler.
for f in $HADOOP_HOME/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar; do
if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f
else
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f
fi
done

# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
#export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=
#export HADOOP_NAMENODE_INIT_HEAPSIZE=""

# Extra Java runtime options. Empty by default.
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS="$HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS"
export HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS"

# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)
export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"
#HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS="-XX:-UsePerfData $HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS"

# On secure datanodes, user to run the datanode as after dropping privileges.
# This **MUST** be uncommented to enable secure HDFS if using privileged ports
# to provide authentication of data transfer protocol. This **MUST NOT** be
# defined if SASL is configured for authentication of data transfer protocol
# using non-privileged ports.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=${HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER}

# Where log files are stored. $HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.
#export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/$USER

# Where log files are stored in the secure data environment.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/${HADOOP_HDFS_USER}

###
# HDFS Mover specific parameters
###
# Specify the JVM options to be used when starting the HDFS Mover.
# These options will be appended to the options specified as HADOOP_OPTS
# and therefore may override any similar flags set in HADOOP_OPTS
#
# export HADOOP_MOVER_OPTS=""

###
# Advanced Users Only!
###

# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
# NOTE: this should be set to a directory that can only be written to by
# the user that will run the hadoop daemons. Otherwise there is the
# potential for a symlink attack.
export HADOOP_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}

# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.
export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER

4. core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://hadoop-maste:9000/</value>
    </property>
	<property>
         <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
         <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.oozie.hosts</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.oozie.groups</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

5. hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop2.7/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop2.7/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value>
    </property>
	<property>
	    <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
		<value>false</value>
	</property>
 </configuration>

6. master

hadoop-maste

7. slaves

hadoop-node1
hadoop-node2

8. mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <!-- 配置实际的Master主机名和端口-->
        <value>hadoop-maste:10020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.map.memory.mb</name>
        <value>4096</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.reduce.memory.mb</name>
        <value>8192</value>
    </property>
	<property>
      <name>yarn.app.mapreduce.am.staging-dir</name>
      <value>/stage</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.done-dir</name>
      <value>/mr-history/done</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.intermediate-done-dir</name>
      <value>/mr-history/tmp</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

9. yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste:8030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste:8035</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste:8033</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-maste:8088</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
        <value>true</value>
   </property>
    <property>
       <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name>
       <value>5</value>
    </property>
<property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
    <value>22528</value>
    <discription>每个节点可用内存,单位MB</discription>
  </property>
  
  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>
    <value>4096</value>
    <discription>单个任务可申请最少内存，默认1024MB</discription>
  </property>
  
  <property>
    <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>
    <value>16384</value>
    <discription>单个任务可申请最大内存，默认8192MB</discription>
  </property>
</configuration>

0x03 构建脚本

1. 构建容器网络脚本(build.sh)

echo create network
docker network create --subnet=172.20.0.0/16 bigdata
echo create success 
docker network ls

2. 构建容器脚本(build_network.sh)

echo build hadoop images
docker build -t="hadoop" .

0x04 启动脚本

1. 启动容器(start_containers.sh)

echo start hadoop-maste container...

docker rm -f hadoop-master &> /dev/null

docker run -itd --restart=always \--net bigdata \--ip 172.20.0.2 \--privileged \-p 18032:8032 \-p 28080:18080 \-p 29888:19888 \-p 17077:7077 \-p 51070:50070 \-p 18088:8088 \-p 19000:9000 \-p 11100:11000 \-p 51030:50030 \-p 18050:8050 \-p 18081:8081 \-p 18900:8900 \--name hadoop-maste \
--hostname hadoop-maste  \--add-host hadoop-node1:172.20.0.3 \--add-host hadoop-node2:172.20.0.4 shaonaiyi/hadoop /bin/bash

echo "start hadoop-node1 container..."

docker run -itd --restart=always \--net bigdata \--ip 172.20.0.3 \--privileged \-p 18042:8042 \-p 51010:50010 \-p 51020:50020 \--name hadoop-node1 \--hostname hadoop-node1  \--add-host hadoop-maste:172.20.0.2 \--add-host hadoop-node2:172.20.0.4 shaonaiyi/hadoop /bin/bash

echo "start hadoop-node2 container..."

docker run -itd --restart=always \--net bigdata \--ip 172.20.0.4 \--privileged \-p 18043:8042 \-p 51011:50011 \-p 51021:50021 \--name hadoop-node2 \--hostname hadoop-node2 --add-host hadoop-maste:172.20.0.2 \--add-host hadoop-node1:172.20.0.3 shaonaiyi/hadoop /bin/bash

echo start sshd...

docker exec -it hadoop-maste /etc/init.d/ssh start
docker exec -it hadoop-node1 /etc/init.d/ssh start
docker exec -it hadoop-node2 /etc/init.d/ssh start

echo finished

docker ps

2. 停止容器(stop_containers.sh)

docker stop hadoop-maste
docker stop hadoop-node1
docker stop hadoop-node2

echo stop containers 
docker rm hadoop-maste
docker rm hadoop-node1
docker rm hadoop-node2

echo rm containers

docker ps

3. 启动Hadoop集群(start_hadoop.sh)

#!/bin/bash
echo -e "\n"

hdfs namenode -format
echo -e "\n"

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
echo -e "\n"

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh
echo -e "\n"

hdfs dfs -mkdir /mr-history
hdfs dfs -mkdir /stage

echo -e "\n"

0xFF 总结

本篇教程为Docker搭建Hadoop大数据集群的资源篇，适合有基础的同学，没有基础也没关系。请继续学习：D001.7 Docker搭建Hadoop集群（实践篇）
目录结构如下：
config文件夹如下：
常规安装请查看教程：Hadoop核心组件之HDFS的安装与配置
如需要获取资源，除了参考本博文，还可以加微信：shaonaiyi888获取

作者简介：邵奈一
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