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Linux学习记录 help、Man、Info系统帮助指令

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系统帮助指令

–help

快速获取需要的选项

Man page

寻找指令用法及详细说明

例如:

[bozhu@bozhuNo1 ~]$ man date

DATE(1)                                         User Commands                                         DATE(1)

NAME
       date - print or set the system date and time

SYNOPSIS
       date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
       date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]

DESCRIPTION
       Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

       -d, --date=STRING
              display time described by STRING, not 'now'

       -f, --file=DATEFILE
              like --date once for each line of DATEFILE

       -I[TIMESPEC], --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC]
              output  date/time  in  ISO  8601 format.  TIMESPEC='date' for date only (the default), 'hours',
              'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date and time to the indicated precision.

       -r, --reference=FILE
              display the last modification time of FILE

       -R, --rfc-2822
              output date and time in RFC 2822 format.  Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600

       --rfc-3339=TIMESPEC
              output date and time in RFC 3339 format.  TIMESPEC='date', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date and time
              to  the  indicated  precision.   Date  and  time  components  are  separated by a single space:
              2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00

       -s, --set=STRING
              set time described by STRING

       -u, --utc, --universal
              print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       FORMAT controls the output.  Interpreted sequences are:

       %%     a literal %

       %a     locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)

       %A     locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)

       %b     locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)

       %B     locale's full month name (e.g., January)

       %c     locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar  3 23:05:25 2005)

       %C     century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)

       %d     day of month (e.g., 01)

       %D     date; same as %m/%d/%y

       %e     day of month, space padded; same as %_d

       %F     full date; same as %Y-%m-%d

       %g     last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)

       %G     year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V

       %h     same as %b

       %H     hour (00..23)

       %I     hour (01..12)

       %j     day of year (001..366)

       %k     hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H

       %l     hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I

       %m     month (01..12)

       %M     minute (00..59)

       %n     a newline

       %N     nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)

       %p     locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known

       %P     like %p, but lower case

       %r     locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)

       %R     24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M

       %s     seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC

       %S     second (00..60)

       %t     a tab

       %T     time; same as %H:%M:%S

       %u     day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday

       %U     week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)

       %V     ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)

       %w     day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday

       %W     week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)

       %x     locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)

       %X     locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)

       %y     last two digits of year (00..99)

       %Y     year

       %z     +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400)

       %:z    +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00)

       %::z   +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)

       %:::z  numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)

       %Z     alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

       By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.  The following optional flags may follow '%':

       -      (hyphen) do not pad the field

       _      (underscore) pad with spaces

       0      (zero) pad with zeros

       ^      use upper case if possible

       #      use opposite case if possible

       After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number; then an optional  modifier,  which
       is  either  E  to  use  the  locale's alternate representations if available, or O to use the locale's
       alternate numeric symbols if available.

ENVIRONMENT
       TZ     Specifies the timezone, unless overridden by command line parameters.  If neither is specified,
              the setting from /etc/localtime is used.

EXAMPLES
       Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date

              $ date --date='@2147483647'

       Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)

              $ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date

       Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US

       %H     hour (00..23)

       %I     hour (01..12)

       %j     day of year (001..366)

       %k     hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H

       %l     hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I

       %m     month (01..12)

       %M     minute (00..59)

       %n     a newline

       %N     nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)

       %p     locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known

       %P     like %p, but lower case

       %r     locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)

       %R     24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M

       %s     seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC

       %S     second (00..60)

       %t     a tab

       %T     time; same as %H:%M:%S

       %u     day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday

       %U     week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)

       %V     ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)

       %w     day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday

       %W     week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)

       %x     locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)

       %X     locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)

       %y     last two digits of year (00..99)

       %Y     year

       %z     +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400)

       %:z    +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00)

       %::z   +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)

       %:::z  numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)

       %Z     alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

       By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.  The following optional flags may follow '%':

       -      (hyphen) do not pad the field

       _      (underscore) pad with spaces

       0      (zero) pad with zeros

       ^      use upper case if possible

       #      use opposite case if possible

       After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number; then an optional  modifier,  which
       is  either  E  to  use  the  locale's alternate representations if available, or O to use the locale's
       alternate numeric symbols if available.

ENVIRONMENT
       TZ     Specifies the timezone, unless overridden by command line parameters.  If neither is specified,
              the setting from /etc/localtime is used.

EXAMPLES
       Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date

              $ date --date='@2147483647'

       Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)

              $ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date

       Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US

              $ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'

       GNU  coreutils  online  help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report date translation bugs to
       <http://translationproject.org/team/>

DATE STRING
       The --date=STRING is a mostly free format human readable  date  string  such  as  "Sun,  29  Feb  2004
       16:21:42  -0800"  or  "2004-02-29  16:21:42" or even "next Thursday".  A date string may contain items
       indicating calendar date, time of day, time zone, day of week, relative time, relative date, and  num‐
       bers.   An  empty  string  indicates the beginning of the day.  The date string format is more complex
       than is easily documented here but is fully described in the info documentation.

AUTHOR
       Written by David MacKenzie.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2013 Free  Software  Foundation,  Inc.   License  GPLv3+:  GNU  GPL  version  3  or  later
       <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is  free  software:  you  are  free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the
       extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The full documentation for date is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and date programs  are
       properly installed at your site, the command

              info coreutils 'date invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.22                              November 2015                                         DATE(1)
代号代表内容
1用户在shell环境中可操作的命令或可执行文件
2系统内核可调用的函数与工具等
3常用的 函数 与 函数库
4设备文件的说明,通常在 /dev下的文件
5配置文件或是某些文件的格式
6游戏
7惯例 与 协议
8系统管理员可用的管理命令
9跟内核有关的文件
代号内容说明
NAME数据名称
SYNOPSIS命令语法
DESCRIPTION完整说明
OPTIONS针对SYNOPSIS,举例选项说明
COMMANDS但这个程序在执行的时候,可以在此程序中执行的命令
FILES这个程序或数据所使用或参考或链接到的某些文件
SEE ALSO可以参考跟这个命令或数据有关的其他文件
EXAMPLE一些可以参考的范例
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Info page

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Fileinof page 来自 xx文件
Node代表目前页面属于 Top节点
Next下一节点名称
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按键说明
[Tab]* 向下移动
[Enter]以当前光标页进入下一个页面
b移动光标到 该 info 页面的第一处
e移动光标到 该 info 页面中的最后节点处
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