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mongodb linux增删改查操作
本文主要是介绍mongodb linux增删改查操作，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
mongodb 安装
[root@hadoop103 software]# tar -zxf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.24.tgz
[root@hadoop103 software]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.0.24 mogodb
[root@hadoop103 software]# cd mongodb
新建数据库目录： /root/software/mongodb/data/db
新建数据库日志：/root/software/mongodb/log
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# mkdir -p ./data/db
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# mkdir -p ./log
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# vi ./mongo.conf
systemLog:
destination: file
path: "/root/software/mongodb/log/mongod.log"
logAppend: true
storage:
dbPath: "/root/software/mongodb/data/db"
journal:
enabled: true
processManagement:
fork: true
net:
bindIp: localhost,192.168.107.103
port: 27017
// 启动mongo
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# ./bin/mongod -config ./mongo.conf
//查看mongo服务是否起 不是用jps
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# ps -ef | grep mongo
//进入到shell
[root@hadoop103 mongodb]# ./bin/mongo
> show dbs;
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
> use kb11 //新建库
switched to db kb11
> show dbs;
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
> db.createCollection("students") //新建表 之后才能看到库 显示创建 隐式创建 直接插入数据就有表
{ "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
kb11 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
> use kb11
switched to db kb11
> show tables; //查看表
kb09
students
teacher
> show collections //查看表
kb09
students
teacher
> db.students.find() //查看具体表内容
>db.dropDatabase("kb11") //删除库
> db.abc.insert({"title":"aa","content":"bb","name":"cc","userid":"0001","nick":"kk"}) // 插入json字符串 掺入单条数据
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) //影响行数 1
> db.abc.find() //查看表内容 ,可以看到 _id 自动生成 也是自己写
{ "_id" : ObjectId("60b97730b96d258b1bff0910"), "title" : "aa", "content" : "bb", "name" : "cc", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "kk" }
>db.abc.count() // 查询表里的数量
>1
> db.kb09.drop() //删除表
true
> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
kb11 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
> use kgcdsj //使用 kgcdsj 数据库 (如果有数据库选择，没有创建后选择)
switched to db kgcdsj
> db
kgcdsj
// 下面数据主题为文章 有两行是同一个作者 （主键，标题，内容，阅读量，名字，编号，别名）
// 隐式创建表students 插入多条数据
try{
db.students.insertMany(
[
{"_id" :"1","title":"aa","content":"good","readNum":21,"name":"a1","userid":"0001","nick":"gree"},
{"_id" :"2","title":"bb","content":"hi","readNum":28,"name":"b1","userid":"0002","nick":"ant"},
{"_id" :"3","title":"cc","content":"ok","readNum":27,"name":"c1","userid":"0003","nick":"plan"},
{"_id" :"4","title":"dd","content":"no","readNum":29,"name":"a1","userid":"0001","nick":"gree"},
{"_id" :"5","title":"ee","content":"yes","readNum":22,"name":"e1","userid":"0004","nick":"dog"}
]
)
}catch(e){
print(e)
}
> db.students.findOne({"name":"a1"}) // 查询一条内容
{
"_id" : "1",
"title" : "aa",
"content" : "good",
"readNum" : 21,
"name" : "a1",
"userid" : "0001",
"nick" : "gre
}
> db.students.find({"name":"a1") //查询满足条件的所有内容
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
> db.students.find({"name":"a1","readNum":21}) //多条件查询
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
// 多条件查询显示title,title:1 _id 默认显示 不显示：_id:0
> db.students.find({"name":"a1","content":"no"},{title:1})
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd" }
> db.students.find({"name":"a1","content":"no"},{"title":1})
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd" }
//
> db.students.find({"name":"a1","content":"no"},{title:1,readNum:1})
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "readNum" : 29 }
> db.students.find({"name":"a1","content":"no"},{title:1,readNum:1,_id:0})
{ "title" : "dd", "readNum" : 29 }
//第一个{}不给条件，第二个{}中给要显示的列 查询全部，只显示title，content列
> db.students.find({},{title:1,content:1})
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good" }
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes" }
> db.students.find({},{title:1,content:1,_id:0})
{ "title" : "aa", "content" : "good" }
{ "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi" }
{ "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok" }
{ "title" : "dd", "content" : "no" }
{ "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes" }
//指定主键删除
> db.students.remove({"_id":"5"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
//删除指定内容
> db.students.remove({"name":"a1"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })
//根据指定多条件删除
> db.students.remove({"content":"ok","name":"c1"})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
// 根据条件查询 统计数量
> db.students.find({name:"a1"}).count();
2
// 限制两行 查询出前两行 --分页操作
> db.students.find().limit(2)
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi", "readNum" : 28, "name" : "b1", "userid" : "0002", "nick" : "ant" }
// 跨越两行 查询 3 4 行
> db.students.find().limit(2).skip(2)
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
// 对查询结果进行排序 指定排序的列，1表示升序 sort({readNum:1}) -1 表示降序 sort({readNum:-1})
> db.students.find().sort({readNum:1})
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi", "readNum" : 28, "name" : "b1", "userid" : "0002", "nick" : "ant" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
//查询阅读量最高的作者
> db.students.find({},{name:1}).sort({readNum:-1}).limit(1)
{ "_id" : "4", "name" : "a1" }
//按userid升序 同样的userid 再按照readNum 降序
> db.students.find().sort({userid:1,readNum:-1})
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi", "readNum" : 28, "name" : "b1", "userid" : "0002", "nick" : "ant" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
// 查询content 包含 "o" 的
> db.students.find({content:/o/})
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
//查询content 以 "o" 开头的
> db.students.find({content:/^o/})
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
$gt
$lt
$gte
$lte
$ne
//查询readNum阅读量 大于25 小于29 的数据
> db.students.find({readNum:{$gt:25,$lt:29}});
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi", "readNum" : 28, "name" : "b1", "userid" : "0002", "nick" : "ant" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
//查询readNum阅读量 大于25 小于30 作者名字为a1 的数据
> db.students.find({readNum:{$gt:25,$lt:30},name:"a1"});
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
$in
$or
$and
//查询userid为 0001 和 0002 的数据 $in
> db.students.find({userid:{$in:["0001","0002"]}});
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1" , "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "2", "title" : "bb", "content" : "hi", "readNum" : 28, "name" : "b1", "userid" : "0002", "nick" : "ant" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
//查询readNum阅读量 大于21 并且 小于25 $and
> db.students.find({$and:[{readNum:{$gt:21}},{readNum:{$lt:25}}]})
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
//查询name为c1 或者 readNum 小于25 $or
> db.students.find({$or:[{name:"c1"},{readNum:{$lt:25}}]})
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
//全部修改 查询到的数据除_id 不加$set 全部修改
> db.students.update({title:"bb"},{content:"hihihi"})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.students.find()
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "good", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "2", "content" : "hihihi" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
//局部修改 $set
> db.students.update({title:"aa"},{$set:{content:"hihihi"}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
> db.students.find()
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "hihihi", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "2", "content" : "hihihi" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "gree" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
// update 只修改一条
> db.students.update({name:"a1"},{$set:{nick:"black"}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
//updateMany修改多条
> db.students.updateMany({name:"a1"},{$set:{nick:"black"}})
{ "acknowledged" : true, "matchedCount" : 2, "modifiedCount" : 1 }
> db.students.find();
{ "_id" : "1", "title" : "aa", "content" : "hihihi", "readNum" : 21, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "black" }
{ "_id" : "2", "content" : "hihihi" }
{ "_id" : "3", "title" : "cc", "content" : "ok", "readNum" : 27, "name" : "c1", "userid" : "0003", "nick" : "plan" }
{ "_id" : "4", "title" : "dd", "content" : "no", "readNum" : 29, "name" : "a1", "userid" : "0001", "nick" : "black" }
{ "_id" : "5", "title" : "ee", "content" : "yes", "readNum" : 22, "name" : "e1", "userid" : "0004", "nick" : "dog" }
//update 后面 多加条件 multi：true 也能更改多条
> db.students.update({name:"a1$set:{nick:"tom"}},{multi:true})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 2 })
//创建索引
> db.students.createIndex({userid:1})
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
"ok" : 1
}
// 获取索引
> db.students.getIndexes()
[
{
"v" : 2,
"key" : {
"_id" : 1
},
"name" : "_id_",
"ns" : "kgcdsj.students"
},
{
"v" : 2,
"key" : {
"userid" : 1
},
"name" : "userid_1",
"ns" : "kgcdsj.students"
}
]
//
> db.students.createIndex({userid:1,readNum:-1})
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
"numIndexesBefore" : 2,
"numIndexesAfter" : 3,
"ok" : 1
}
// 删除索引 给索引名
> db.students.dropIndex("userid_1_readNum_-1")
{ "nIndexesWas" : 3, "ok" : 1 }
// 删除索引 升序索引userid
> db.students.dropIndex({userid:1})
{ "nIndexesWas" : 2, "ok" : 1 }
// 删除所有索引
> db.students.dropIndexes()
{
"nIndexesWas" : 2,
"msg" : "non-_id indexes dropped for collection",
"ok" : 1
}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 根据查询计划 看出 find的时候是 "stage" : "COLLSCAN" 全局扫描
> db.students.find({userid:"0004"}).explain()
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "kgcdsj.students",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"userid" : {
"$eq" : "0004"
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
"filter" : {
"userid" : {
"$eq" : "0004"
}
},
"direction" : "forward"
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"serverInfo" : {
"host" : "hadoop103",
"port" : 27017,
"version" : "4.0.24",
"gitVersion" : "9df1b3a80f39cf7e7ccd6264a207518426a524f6"
},
"ok" : 1
}
// 创建一个索引之后再explain
> db.students.createIndex({userid:1})
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
"ok" : 1
}
// 创建索引之后再 explain 可以看到 "stage" : "IXSCAN" 按照索引查找 加快查询速度
> db.students.find({userid:"0004"}).explain()
{
"queryPlanner" : {
"plannerVersion" : 1,
"namespace" : "kgcdsj.students",
"indexFilterSet" : false,
"parsedQuery" : {
"userid" : {
"$eq" : "0004"
}
},
"winningPlan" : {
"stage" : "FETCH",
"inputStage" : {
"stage" : "IXSCAN",
"keyPattern" : {
"userid" : 1
},
"indexName" : "userid_1",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"multiKeyPaths" : {
"userid" : [ ]
},
"isUnique" : false,
"isSparse" : false,
"isPartial" : false,
"indexVersion" : 2,
"direction" : "forward",
"indexBounds" : {
"userid" : [
"[\"0004\", \"0004\"]"
]
}
}
},
"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
},
"serverInfo" : {
"host" : "hadoop103",
"port" : 27017,
"version" : "4.0.24",
"gitVersion" : "9df1b3a80f39cf7e7ccd6264a207518426a524f6"
},
"ok" : 1
}
这篇关于mongodb linux增删改查操作的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持为之网！
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