【Redis学习笔记】Redis Shell命令行、Redis API基础入门

本文主要是介绍【Redis学习笔记】Redis Shell命令行、Redis API基础入门，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

Redis安装不多说了，上个菜鸟教程，自己搞吧。

https://www.runoob.com/redis/redis-install.html

一，简单的Redis Shell命令行：

1.单个key存取

set key value

get key

localhost:6379> set myName laohu
OK
localhost:6379> get myName
"laohu"

2.key是否存在

exists key

localhost:6379> exists myName
(integer) 1

3.删除key

del key

localhost:6379> del myName
(integer) 1

4.查看key数据类型

type key

localhost:6379> set obj hello
OK
localhost:6379> type obj
string

5.批量key设置与读取

mset k1 v1 k2 v2 k3 v3...

mget k1 k2 k3 ...

localhost:6379> mset k1 v1 k2 v2
OK
localhost:6379> mget k1 k2
1) "v1"
2) "v2"

只列简单的，复杂命令看这里：

https://www.cnblogs.com/tg666/p/11598437.html

二 .Redis API - Jedis 官方原生API

加入pom.xml依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.54</version>
        </dependency>

1.建测试类：

public class redisTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建对象,连接
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379);
        //连接测试
        System.out.println(jedis.ping());
    }
}

运行结果：

PONG

Process finished with exit code 0

2.常用方法：

public class redisTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建对象,连接
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379);
        System.out.println("清空当前数据库: "+jedis.flushDB());
        System.out.println("判断: "+jedis.exists("k1"));
        System.out.println("添加: "+jedis.set("k1", "v1"));
        System.out.println("添加: "+jedis.set("k2", "v2"));
        Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");
        System.out.println("列出所有key: "+keys);
        System.out.println("删除: "+jedis.del("k1"));
        System.out.println("判断: "+jedis.exists("k1"));
        System.out.println("查看键对应的值的类型: "+jedis.type("k2"));
        System.out.println("随机返回一个key: "+jedis.randomKey());
        System.out.println("重命名key: "+jedis.rename("k2", "k3"));
        System.out.println("获取元素: "+jedis.get("k3"));
        System.out.println("根据索引查询: "+jedis.select(0));
        System.out.println("清空当前数据库: "+jedis.flushDB());
        System.out.println("数据库key数量: "+jedis.dbSize());
        System.out.println("清空所有数据库的key: "+jedis.flushAll());
    }
}

运行结果：

清空当前数据库: OK
判断: false
添加: OK
添加: OK
列出所有key: [k1, k2]
删除: 1
判断: false
查看键对应的值的类型: string
随机返回一个key: k2
重命名key: OK
获取元素: v2
根据索引查询: OK
清空当前数据库: OK
数据库key数量: 0
清空所有数据库的key: OK

Process finished with exit code 0

3.操作String类型：

        System.out.println("添加元素");
        System.out.println(jedis.set("k1", "v1"));
        System.out.println(jedis.set("k2", "v2"));
        System.out.println(jedis.set("k3", "v3"));
        System.out.println("删除: "+jedis.del("k2"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k2"));
        System.out.println("修改值: "+jedis.set("k1", "v11"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k1"));
        System.out.println("追加值: "+jedis.append("k3", "end"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k3"));
        System.out.println("添加多个元素: "+jedis.mset("k4","v4","k5","v5"));
        System.out.println("获取多个值: "+jedis.mget("k4","k5","k6"));
        System.out.println("删除多个元素: "+jedis.del("k4","k5"));
        System.out.println("获取多个值: "+jedis.mget("k3","k4","k5"));
        System.out.println("清空: "+jedis.flushDB());
        System.out.println("新增键值对,防止被覆盖");
        System.out.println("第一次赋值: "+jedis.setnx("k1", "v1"));
        System.out.println("第一次赋值: "+jedis.setnx("k2", "v2"));
        System.out.println("覆盖原值: "+jedis.setnx("k2", "v2new"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k1"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k2"));
        System.out.println("添加元素设置生命周期: "+jedis.setex("k3", 2, "v3"));
        System.out.println("取值: "+jedis.get("k3"));
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("过期后取值: "+jedis.get("k3"));
        System.out.println("获取原值,并更新: "+jedis.getSet("k2", "v2abc"));
        System.out.println("获取新的值: "+jedis.get("k2"));
        System.out.println("截取部分字符串: "+jedis.getrange("k2", 2, 4));

运行结果:

添加元素
OK
OK
OK
删除: 1
取值: null
修改值: OK
取值: v11
追加值: 5
取值: v3end
添加多个元素: OK
获取多个值: [v4, v5, null]
删除多个元素: 2
获取多个值: [v3end, null, null]
清空: OK
新增键值对,防止被覆盖
第一次赋值: 1
第一次赋值: 1
覆盖原值: 0
取值: v1
取值: v2
添加元素设置生命周期: OK
取值: v3
过期后取值: null
获取原值,并更新: v2
获取新的值: v2abc
截取部分字符串: abc

Process finished with exit code 0

4.操作List类型

        System.out.println("清空数据: "+jedis.flushDB());
        System.out.println("新增元素");
        System.out.println(jedis.lpush("list", "a","b","c","d"));
        System.out.println(jedis.lpush("list", "d"));
        System.out.println(jedis.lpush("list", "e"));
        System.out.println(jedis.lpush("list", "f"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("查看区间数据: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, 3));
        System.out.println("删除列表中指定的值,第二参数为删除的个数(有重复时),后进先出原则,相当于出栈");
        System.out.println("删除指定值的元素: "+jedis.lrem("list", 2, "d"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("删除区间以外的元素: "+jedis.ltrim("list", 0, 3));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("左侧弹出: "+jedis.lpop("list"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("右侧新增: "+jedis.rpush("list", "g"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("右侧弹出: "+jedis.rpop("list"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("修改指定下标元素: "+jedis.lset("list", 1, "new"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("队列长度: "+jedis.llen("list"));
        System.out.println("获取指定下标元素: "+jedis.lindex("list", 2));
        System.out.println("新增元素: "+jedis.lpush("list1", "4","2","0","6","5","8"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list1", 0, -1));
        System.out.println("排序: "+jedis.sort("list1"));
        System.out.println("查看所有: "+jedis.lrange("list1", 0, -1));

运行结果:

清空数据: OK
新增元素
4
5
6
7
查看所有: [f, e, d, d, c, b, a]
查看区间数据: [f, e, d, d]
删除列表中指定的值,第二参数为删除的个数(有重复时),后进先出原则,相当于出栈
删除指定值的元素: 2
查看所有: [f, e, c, b, a]
删除区间以外的元素: OK
查看所有: [f, e, c, b]
左侧弹出: f
查看所有: [e, c, b]
右侧新增: 4
查看所有: [e, c, b, g]
右侧弹出: g
查看所有: [e, c, b]
修改指定下标元素: OK
查看所有: [e, new, b]
队列长度: 3
获取指定下标元素: b
新增元素: 6
查看所有: [8, 5, 6, 0, 2, 4]
排序: [0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8]
查看所有: [8, 5, 6, 0, 2, 4]

5.操作Set

        jedis.flushDB();
        System.out.println("新增元素,不可重复");
        System.out.println(jedis.sadd("set1", "s0","s1","s2","s3","s4","s5","s7","s8"));
        System.out.println(jedis.sadd("set1", "s6"));
        System.out.println(jedis.sadd("set1", "s6"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set1"));
        System.out.println("删除一个元素: "+jedis.srem("set1", "s0"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set1"));
        System.out.println("删除元素: "+jedis.srem("set1", "s6","s7"));
        System.out.println("随机移除一个元素: "+jedis.spop("set1"));
        System.out.println("随机移除一个元素: "+jedis.spop("set1"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set1"));
        System.out.println("查看元素个数: "+jedis.scard("set1"));
        System.out.println("判断是否存在某个元素: "+jedis.sismember("set1", "s3"));
        System.out.println("判断某个元素是否存在: "+jedis.sismember("set1", "s1"));
        System.out.println(jedis.sismember("set1", "s5"));
        System.out.println("================");
        System.out.println("新增: "+jedis.sadd("set2", "s0","s1","s2","s4","s5","s7","s8"));
        System.out.println("新增: "+jedis.sadd("set3", "s0","s1","s2","s4","s8"));
        System.out.println("set2中删除,并存到另一集合上 : "+jedis.smove("set2", "set3", "s1"));
        System.out.println("set2中删除,并存到另一集合上 : "+jedis.smove("set2", "set3", "s1"));
        System.out.println("删除元素并放在新集合中 :"+jedis.smove("set2", "set3", "s2"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set2"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set3"));
        System.out.println("交集: "+jedis.sinter("set2","set3"));
        System.out.println("并集: "+jedis.sunion("set2","set3"));
        System.out.println("差集: "+jedis.sdiff("set2","set3"));
        System.out.println("交集保存到集合中: "+jedis.sinterstore("set4", "set2","set3"));
        System.out.println("列出所有元素: "+jedis.smembers("set4"));

运行结果:

新增元素,不可重复
8
1
0
列出所有元素: [s8, s5, s4, s1, s6, s7, s3, s0, s2]
删除一个元素: 1
列出所有元素: [s8, s5, s4, s1, s6, s7, s3, s2]
删除元素: 2
随机移除一个元素: s2
随机移除一个元素: s8
列出所有元素: [s5, s4, s1, s3]
查看元素个数: 4
判断是否存在某个元素: true
判断某个元素是否存在: true
true
================
新增: 7
新增: 5
set2中删除,并存到另一集合上 : 1
set2中删除,并存到另一集合上 : 0
删除元素并放在新集合中 :1
列出所有元素: [s8, s5, s4, s7, s0]
列出所有元素: [s8, s4, s1, s0, s2]
交集: [s8, s4, s0]
并集: [s8, s1, s4, s5, s0, s7, s2]
差集: [s5, s7]
交集保存到集合中: 3
列出所有元素: [s8, s4, s0]

6.Hash类型：

        System.out.println("清空当前数据库");
        jedis.flushDB();
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap();
        map.put("k1", "v1");
        map.put("k2", "v2");
        map.put("k3", "v3");
        map.put("k4", "v4");
        System.out.println("添加map集合");
        jedis.hmset("hash", map);
        System.out.println("添加元素: "+jedis.hset("hash", "k5","v5"));
        System.out.println("所有键值对: "+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
        System.out.println("所有键: "+jedis.hkeys("hash"));
        System.out.println("所有值: "+jedis.hvals("hash"));
        System.out.println("给一个键保存整数,如果该键不存在则添加: "+jedis.hincrBy("hash", "k6", 6));
        System.out.println("所有键值对: "+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
        System.out.println("添加或修改: "+jedis.hincrBy("hash", "k6", 60));
        System.out.println("所有键值对: "+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
        System.out.println("删除一个或多个元素: "+jedis.hdel("hash", "k2"));
        System.out.println("所有元素: "+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
        System.out.println("元素个数: "+jedis.hlen("hash"));
        System.out.println("判断元素是否存在: "+jedis.hexists("hash", "k2"));
        System.out.println("判断元素是否存在: "+jedis.hexists("hash", "k3"));
        System.out.println("根据键获取值: "+jedis.hmget("hash", "k3"));
        System.out.println("根据键获取值: "+jedis.hmget("hash", "k3","k4"));

运行结果:

清空当前数据库
添加map集合
添加元素: 1
所有键值对: {k3=v3, k4=v4, k5=v5, k1=v1, k2=v2}
所有键: [k3, k4, k5, k1, k2]
所有值: [v4, v3, v2, v1, v5]
给一个键保存整数,如果该键不存在则添加: 6
所有键值对: {k3=v3, k4=v4, k5=v5, k6=6, k1=v1, k2=v2}
添加或修改: 66
所有键值对: {k3=v3, k4=v4, k5=v5, k6=66, k1=v1, k2=v2}
删除一个或多个元素: 1
所有元素: {k3=v3, k4=v4, k5=v5, k6=66, k1=v1}
元素个数: 5
判断元素是否存在: false
判断元素是否存在: true
根据键获取值: [v3]
根据键获取值: [v3, v4]

7.Jedis 事务：

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("hello", "world");
        jsonObject.put("hi", "Java");
        jedis.flushDB();
        System.out.println("开启事务");
        Transaction multi = jedis.multi();
        String result = jsonObject.toJSONString();
        try {
            multi.set("k1", result);
            multi.set("k2", result);
            // 模拟异常
            // int i = 1/0;
            multi.exec();//提交事务
        } catch (Exception e) {
            multi.discard();//回滚事务
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            System.out.println(jedis.get("k1"));
            System.out.println(jedis.get("k2"));
            jedis.close();//关闭连接
        }

运行结果:

开启事务
{"hi":"Java","hello":"world"}
{"hi":"Java","hello":"world"}

以上API部分案例引用下文，复杂的用法也可以参考以下文章：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47257749/article/details/114044856

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