最近在写一些小工具，因为是给别人用的需要界面，刚开始使用pyQT5  功能强大，但是打包后一个小工具 就有几十兆 有点蛋疼而且还很消耗资源；后面改用TK，TK明显简洁很多，功能同样也若很多！

因为有截图需求，就抽空写了这个工具，全当练习。过程当中遇到过好多蛋疼的事情，功能基本实现后发出来给大家分享一下，我个人还是比较喜欢python这门语言的！

实现思路：

3.1.新建一个最小化窗口，利用线程启动监听"ctrl+a"启动截图窗口

3.2.截图窗口初始化时利用  pyautogui.screenshot 截取全屏（类似PRTSC）作为子窗口的背景（在这搞了好久，后面没办法只有利用canvas设置背景），子窗口最大化取消菜单栏

3.3.在主窗口上的canvas上用绑定鼠标事件，根据鼠标选取截图范围，和鼠标操作相关功能

3.4.保存功能是根据截图范围重新截图生成文件保存

代码

main_UI.py

tkinter.messagebox showinfo
Sc_Tool.Sc_Win *
keyboard
_thread

():
    showinfo(, )

scwd = win = Tk()
win.wm_state()
win.iconify()

():
    scwd
    scwd = windSc(win)
    scwd.newwind()
():
    ()
    scwd.exit_sc(scwd)
():
    keyboard.add_hotkey(, star_sc, =(),= )
():
    keyboard.add_hotkey(, exit_sc, =(),= )

:
    _thread.start_new_thread(startThread1, ())
    _thread.start_new_thread(startThread2, ())
e:
    (e)
win.mainloop()

():
    showinfo(, )

scwd = win = Tk()
win.wm_state()
win.iconify()
():
    scwd
    scwd = windSc(win)
    scwd.newwind()
():
    scwd.exit_sc(scwd)
():
    scwd.ctrl_z(scwd)

():
    keyboard.add_hotkey(, star_sc, =(),= )
():
    keyboard.add_hotkey(, exit_sc, =(),= )
():
    keyboard.add_hotkey(, ctrl_z, =(), = )

:
    _thread.start_new_thread(startThread1, ())
    _thread.start_new_thread(startThread2, ())
    _thread.start_new_thread(startThread3, ())

e:
    (e)
win.mainloop()

Sc_Tool/Sc_Win.py

import os
from tkinter import *
import tkinter
import pyautogui as pyautogui
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import time

class windSc:
    win, file_path,im, winAppSc, mouEvent, canvas = None, None, None, None, None, None
    #窗口宽  窗口高  宽  高   截图起点x坐标  截图起点y坐标  绘图起点x坐标 绘图起点 y坐标
    win_w, win_h, width, height, x, y, dx, dy= 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
    #截图结束点坐标
    end_x, end_y = 0, 0
    #开始添加图形的起始坐标
    cr_x, cr_y =0, 0
    #记录按钮的状态、文本输入按钮状态
    but1_stat,but_text_stat = False, False
    #记录按钮类型  1矩形 2圆形
    but_type = 0
    #tag标记 文本输入单击次数标记
    i,p = 1 ,0
    # 工具栏部件
    but1, but2, but3, but4, buttext,text_lable = None, None, None, None, None, None
    # 画笔大小,文本框行数
    size, row = 1, 1
    # 画笔颜色
    color = "black"
    # 字体
    font = None
    # 按钮图片
    img1, img2, img3, imgs, imgp1, imgp2, imgp3 = None, None, None, None, None, None, None
    imgred , imgwhite , imgblack, imgblue, imggreen, imgyellow, imgback = None, None, None, None, None, None, None
    # 工具按钮列表
    but_list = []
    # 图形id列表
    ids = []

    def __init__(self,win):
        self.win = win
        # 获取屏幕分辨率
        self.width, self.height = win.winfo_screenwidth(), win.winfo_screenheight()
        # 窗口宽度和高度
        self.win_w, self.win_h = self.width, self.height
        image = pyautogui.screenshot(region=[0, 0, self.width, self.height]).resize((self.width, self.height))
        self.im = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
        self.img1 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/1.png")
        self.img2 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/2.png")
        self.img3 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/3.png")
        self.imgtext = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/Text.png")
        self.imgs = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/s.png")
        self.imgp1 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/p1.png")
        self.imgp2 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/p2.png")
        self.imgp3 = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/p3.png")
        self.imgblack = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/black.png")
        self.imgwhite = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/white.png")
        self.imgred = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/red.png")
        self.imggreen = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/green.png")
        self.imgblue = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/blue.png")
        self.imgyellow = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/yellow.png")
        self.imgback = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="Sc_Tool/icon/b.png")

    def newwind(self,event=''):
        # 最小化主窗口
        self.win.wm_state('icon')
        self.win.iconify()
        self.winAppSc = Toplevel(self.win)
        #winAppSc.attributes("-alpha", 1)
        #删除标题栏
        self.winAppSc.overrideredirect(True)
        self.winAppSc.geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d" %(self.win_w,self.win_h,(self.width-self.win_w)/2,(self.height-self.win_h)/2))
        self.winAppSc.config(bg="white")
        self.winAppSc.title('截屏')
        self.winAppSc.attributes("-topmost", True)

        canvas = tkinter.Canvas(self.winAppSc,
                                width=self.win_w,  # 指定Canvas组件的宽度
                                height=self.win_h,  # 指定Canvas组件的高度
                                bg='red')  # 指定Canvas组件的背景色

        canvas.create_image(0, 0, image=self.im, anchor='nw', tag=('r', 'r0'))
        canvas.pack(fill='both', expand='yes')
        self.canvas = canvas

        #工具栏部件
        self.but1 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="保存", image=self.imgs)
        self.but2 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="矩形", image=self.img1)
        self.but3 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="圆形", image=self.img2)
        self.but4 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="箭头", image=self.img3)
        self.buttext = Button(self.winAppSc, text="文本", image=self.imgtext)
        self.but5 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="返回", image=self.imgback)

        # 画笔大小
        self.sizebut1 =  Button(self.winAppSc, text="1", image = self.imgp1)
        self.sizebut2 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="5", image = self.imgp2)
        self.sizebut3 = Button(self.winAppSc, text="10", image = self.imgp3)

        # 画笔颜色
        self.color_red = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image = self.imgred)
        self.color_green = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image=self.imggreen)
        self.color_blue = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image=self.imgblue)
        self.color_yellow = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image=self.imgyellow)
        self.color_black = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image=self.imgblack)
        self.color_white = Button(self.winAppSc, text="red", image=self.imgwhite)

        #文本框
        self.text_entry = Text(self.winAppSc,bg=None,relief=None,height=self.row,width=4)

        canvas.bind('<1>', lambda event:self.setxy(event,canvas))
        canvas.bind('<B1-Motion>',lambda event:self.getxy(event,canvas))
        canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', lambda event: self.setBtn(event,self.winAppSc))
        canvas.bind('<3>', lambda event: self.clear(canvas))
        self.but1.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.bu_save(event))
        self.but2.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.bu_click(event,canvas,1))
        self.but3.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.bu_click(event, canvas,2))
        self.but4.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.bu_click(event, canvas,3))
        self.buttext.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.bu_click_text(event, canvas))
        self.sizebut1.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.sizebut_click(1))
        self.sizebut2.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.sizebut_click(5))
        self.sizebut3.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.sizebut_click(10))
        self.color_red.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("red"))
        self.color_green.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("green"))
        self.color_blue.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("blue"))
        self.color_yellow.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("yellow"))
        self.color_white.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("white"))
        self.color_black.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.colorbut_click("black"))
        self.text_entry.bind('<Key>',lambda event: self.entry(event))
        self.but5.bind('<1>', lambda event: self.ctrl_z())

        # 先清空but_list 以防止下次截图时 还保存有之前的按钮  而之前的按钮的父窗口已经销毁
        self.but_list.clear()
        self.but_list.append(self.but1)
        self.but_list.append(self.but2)
        self.but_list.append(self.but3)
        self.but_list.append(self.but4)
        self.but_list.append(self.buttext)
        self.but_list.append(self.sizebut1)
        self.but_list.append(self.sizebut2)
        self.but_list.append(self.sizebut3)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_red)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_green)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_blue)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_yellow)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_white)
        self.but_list.append(self.color_black)
        self.but_list.append(self.but5)

    # 鼠标点击调用初始化绘制截图的起点位置
    def setxy(self,event,canvas):
        #清空上一次鼠标事件,并设置截图的起始位置
        self.mouEvent = None
        if (self.but1_stat):
            #如果超出截图区域改变起始坐标为截图起始坐标
            if (event.x > self.x and event.x < self.end_x):
                self.dx = event.x
            if (event.y > self.y and event.y < self.end_y):
                self.dy = event.y
        else:
            self.x, self.y=event.x, event.y
            for but in self.but_list:
                but.place_forget()
            canvas.delete(self, 'j0')
        #文本输入操作
        if (self.but_text_stat and self.but_type == 4):
            self.p = self.p + 1
            if( self.p%2 == 1):
                self.text_entry.delete('1.0', 'end')
                self.font = tkFont.Font(family='宋体', size=(self.size+5)*3)
                self.text_entry.config( font=self.font,fg=self.color,width=4 ,height=1)
                self.text_entry.place(x=event.x, y=event.y)
            else:
                canvas.create_text(self.text_entry.winfo_x(),self.text_entry.winfo_y()+15,text=self.text_entry.get(1.0, END),font=self.font,justify = LEFT,fill=self.color,anchor= W)
                self.text_entry.place_forget()
            # 获取所有图形对象
        self.ids = list(canvas.find_all())

    def PreventOutOfBounds(self,eventx,eventy):
        if (eventx < self.x):
            eventx = self.x
        elif (eventx > self.end_x):
            eventx = self.end_x
        if (eventy < self.y):
            eventy = self.y
        elif (eventy > self.end_y):
            eventy = self.end_y
        return eventx,eventy

    # 鼠标按下左键拖动时调用绘制截图的终点位置
    def getxy(self,event,canvas):
        # 记录上一次的鼠标事件 , 如果按钮有按下不消除选取框矩形  没有按钮按下消除上一个选取矩形
        if (self.but1_stat):
            if self.but_type == 1:
                # 销毁上一个鼠标暂停点绘制的图形
                canvas.delete(self, "j%d" %(self.i))
                # 防止图形画出界
                event.x, event.y = self.PreventOutOfBounds(event.x,event.y)
                canvas.create_rectangle(self.dx,self.dy,event.x,event.y,width=self.size,outline=self.color,tag = ('j',"j%d" %(self.i)))
            elif self.but_type == 2:
                canvas.delete(self, "j%d" % (self.i))
                event.x, event.y = self.PreventOutOfBounds(event.x, event.y)
                canvas.create_oval(self.dx,self.dy,event.x,event.y,width=self.size,outline=self.color,tag = ('j',"j%d" %(self.i)))
            elif self.but_type == 3:
                canvas.delete(self, "j%d" % (self.i))
                event.x, event.y = self.PreventOutOfBounds(event.x, event.y)
                canvas.create_line(self.dx,self.dy,event.x,event.y,width=self.size,fill=self.color,arrow=tkinter.LAST,tag = ('j',"j%d" %(self.i)))
        else:
            #新截图框
            #print("销毁截图矩形")
            self.mouEvent = event
            # 删除上一个矩形
            canvas.delete(self,"j0")
            # 绘制新矩形 并设置结束点坐标
            canvas.create_rectangle(self.x,self.y,event.x,event.y,tag = ('j','j0'))
            self.end_x, self.end_y = event.x, event.y
        self.ids = list(canvas.find_all())

    # 鼠标释放的时候绘制工具按钮  如果上次释放鼠标左键的上一个鼠标事件是拖动<B1-Motion> 则显示按钮
    def setBtn(self,event,winAppSc):
        # 获取截图区域大小 如果长宽小于5个像素则不显示按钮
        w, h = event.x - self.x, event.y - self.y
        if (self.mouEvent != None and w > 5 and h > 5):
            x, y = self.x, event.y
            for but in self.but_list:
                but.place(x=x,y=y)
                x= x+35
        #释放鼠标新的图形动作tags标记变更
        self.i = self.i + 1

    def bu_click(self,event,canvas,but_name):
        # 按钮按下记录其状态为True
        self.but1_stat = True
        self.i = self.i + 1
        self.but_type = but_name
        #清除文本框
        self.text_entry.place_forget()

    #按下鼠标右键取消截图初始化参数
    def clear(self,canvas):
        #print("取消截图")
        self.i = 1
        self.but1_stat = False
        #销毁所有对象
        canvas.delete(ALL)
        #从新加载IMG对象，此时依旧是之前的截图背景
        canvas.create_image(0, 0, image=self.im, anchor='nw', tag=('r', 'r0'))
        canvas.pack(fill='both', expand='yes')
        # 隐藏按钮 删除截图框
        for but in self.but_list:
            but.place_forget()
    # 设置画笔大小
    def sizebut_click(self,size):
        self.but1_stat = True
        self.size = size
        self.font = tkFont.Font(family='宋体', size=(self.size + 5) * 3)
        self.text_entry.config(font = self.font)

    # 设置画笔颜色
    def colorbut_click(self, color):
        self.but1_stat = True
        self.color = color
        self.text_entry.config(fg=self.color)
    # 退出窗口
    def exit_sc(self,scwd):
        try:
            scwd.winAppSc.destroy()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

    def bu_click_text(self, event, canvas):
        # 输入文本框
        self.but1_stat = True
        self.but_text_stat = True
        self.but_type = 4

    def entry(self,event):
        keysym =  event.keysym
        if keysym == "Return":
            self.row = self.row + 1
            self.text_entry.config(height=self.row)
        elif keysym == "BackSpace":
            text = self.text_entry.get("%d.0" % (self.row), "%d.end" % (self.row))
            if len(text) == 0:
                self.row = self.row - 1
                if self.row < 1:
                    self.row = 1
            self.text_entry.config(height=self.row)
        else:
            tmp = 0
            for i in range(1, self.row + 1):
                pattern = "[\u4e00-\u9fa5]+"
                regex = re.compile(pattern)
                text = self.text_entry.get("%d.0" % (i), "%d.end" % (i))
                ch = regex.findall(text)
                chstr = ''.join(ch)
                text_len = len(text) + len(chstr)
                if text_len >= tmp: tmp = text_len
            if (tmp >= 2): self.text_entry.config(width=tmp + 3)

    def bu_save(self, event):
        image = pyautogui.screenshot(region=[self.x+1, self.y+1, self.end_x-self.x-1, self.end_y-self.y-1])
        save_dir = "save"
        if not os.path.exists(save_dir):
            os.makedirs(save_dir)
        t = int(time.time())
        image.save("%s/%d.jpg" %(save_dir,t))
        # 截图完成销毁窗口
        self.winAppSc.destroy()

    def ctrl_z(self):
        if len(self.ids) > 2:
            self.canvas.delete(self.ids[-1])
            self.ids.pop()