Linux下安装mysql

mysql国内镜像地址：http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/
mysql官网地址：https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

• 解压安装

--跳转到下载目录
cd /usr/local
--下载mysql8.0的版本 wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

--解压
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

--移动
mv mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz mysql

--添加mysql组和mysql用户
--添加mysql组
groupadd mysql

--添加mysql用户
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

• 配置mysql配置文件与初始化mysql

--给mysql组/usr/local/mysql文件权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

初始化mysql服务
./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#注意此时会产生初始密码 如下
#2021-04-15T08:44:21.775801Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Bqxid:Dde4s>

chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data
--修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件权限
chmod 755 /etc/my.cnf

• 以下是配置文件内容：

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
port=3306
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=InnoDb
max_connections=1000
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
innodb_buffer_pool_size=64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=120
innodb_log_buffer_size=4M
innodb_log_file_size=256M
interactive_timeout=120
join_buffer_size=2M
key_buffer_size=32M
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/data.err
log_error_verbosity=1
max_allowed_packet=256M
max_heap_table_size=64M
myisam_max_sort_file_size=64G
myisam_sort_buffer_size=32M
read_buffer_size=512kb
read_rnd_buffer_size=4M
log_bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
skip-external-locking=on
sort_buffer_size=256kb
table_open_cache=256
thread_cache_size=16
tmp_table_size=64M
wait_timeout=2288800
general_log=ON
general_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/query_log.pid
slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=sql-slow.log
long_query_time=1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

• 创建mysql.sock存储文件tmp

mkdir tmp
chmod 777 tmp

• 加入开机自启

--将mysql服务添加到/etc/init.d
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
--添加服务
chkconfig --add mysql
--查看是否添加成功
chkconfig --list mysql

• 开启mysql服务并配置环境变量

--启动mysql服务
service mysql start
vi /etc/profile
--添加：
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
source /etc/profile#刷新配置

• 登录mysql，修改密码 （注意初始密码编译时会产生）

mysql -uroot -p
--修改密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';