C/C++教程
10G RAC RAW+ASM rhel-server-5.5-x86_64
由于学校老师只讲了11g的RAC安装，所以想自己试试，中间出了很多错误，借鉴了很多前辈写的文档，无抄袭之意，仅为自己学习所整理，可能有很多错误，欢迎指正
这里我会提供我安装过程中所需要的所有安装包和光盘镜像等，省的大家跟我似的苦逼呵呵找半天
虚拟机镜像：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDvNcop
ASM软件：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hGbz4
10g linux x86_64 clusterware：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hqHvDGg
rhel-server-5.5-x86_64-dvd.iso：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gdor2L1
10g oracle软件 for linux x86_64：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bn6a6qb
一.修改IP,hostname
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.6.103 rh1
192.168.6.104 rh1-vip
10.10.10.3 rh1-priv
192.168.6.105 rh2
192.168.6.106 rh2-vip
10.10.10.5 rh2-priv
[root@rh1 u01]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=rh1
[root@rh1 u01]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.6.103
GATEWAY=192.168.6.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@rh1 u01]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.10.10.3
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
二.增加交换分区
[root@rh1 u01]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/swap1 bs=1024k count=2048
2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 29.9432 seconds, 71.7 MB/s
[root@rh1 u01]# mkswap -c /u01/swap1
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2147479 kB
[root@rh1 u01]# swapon /u01/swap1
[root@rh1 u01]# vi /etc/fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/u01 /u01 ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=2g 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sda3 /soft ext3 defaults 0 0
/u01/swap1 swap swap defaults 0 0
[root@rh2 /]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1341 1312 28 0 4 1062
-/+ buffers/cache: 244 1096
Swap: 4095 0 4095
三.创建用户，组和目录并赋予权限 设置oracle用户环境变量
groupadd -g 200 oinstall
groupadd -g 201 dba
useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
节点1
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs_1
export ORACLE_SID=prod1
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export EDITOR=vi
节点2 SID=prod2其他不变
创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
mkdir -p /u01/crs_1
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory/
chmod -R 775 /u01/crs_1/
四.建立用户等效性
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
32:8a:e1:8c:0d:70:86:8e:88:97:5a:3a:15:fd:a3:dd oracle@rh1
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
d8:88:23:9b:6f:cd:74:81:8f:f9:13:16:98:5f:8a:8f oracle@rh1
节点2执行相同操作
[oracle@rh2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
[oracle@rh2 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
节点1
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ cat .ssh/id_dsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ ssh rh2 cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys 这一步是将节点2的id_rsa.pub追加写入到节点1的authorized_keys文件里
oracle@rh2's password:
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ ssh rh2 cat .ssh/id_dsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@rh2's password:
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ scp .ssh/authorized_keys rh2:~/.ssh 将写有节点1和节点2密码文件的authorized_keys拷贝到节点2，两边就都拥有密钥了
oracle@rh2's password:
authorized_keys 100% 1988 1.9KB/s 00:00
验证信任关系
ssh rh1 date
ssh rh1-priv date
ssh rh2 date
ssh rh2-priv date
两个节点都要验证
五.修改系统参数
[root@rh1:/root]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf 在最后添加下面的参数
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
[root@rh1:/root]# sysctl -p 立即生效
[root@rh1:/root]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf 限制用户访问的CPU和内存资源
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
[root@rh1:/root]# vi /etc/pam.d/login linux操作系统的登陆配置文件
添加
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so 当用户登陆以后自动启用上面的限制
[root@rh1:/root]# vi /etc/profile
添加
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
六.时间同步
用ntp
vi /etc/ntp.conf
节点1做服务端
broadcastclient
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
server 127.127.1.0
节点2为客户端
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
server 192.168.6.103 节点1的IP
使NTP服务可以在系统引导的时候自动启动，执行：
# chkconfig ntpd on
启动/关闭/重启NTP的命令：
# /etc/init.d/ntpd start
# /etc/init.d/ntpd stop
# /etc/init.d/ntpd restart
#service ntpd restart
将同步好的时间写到CMOS里
vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd
SYNC_HWCLOCK=yes
每次修改了配置文件后都需要重新启动服务来使配置生效。
可以使用下面的命令来检查NTP服务是否启动，你应该可以得到一个进程ID号：
# pgrep ntpd
使用下面的命令检查时间服务器同步的状态：
# ntpq -p
用ntpstat 也可以查看一些同步状态，用netstat -ntlup查看端口使用情况！
安装完毕客户端需过5-10分钟才能从服务器端更新时间！
一些补充和拾遗（挺重要）
1. 配置文件中的driftfile是什么?
我们每一个system clock的频率都有小小的误差,这个就是为什么机器运行一段时间后会不精确. NTP会自动来监测我们时钟的误差值并予以调整.但问题是这是一个冗长的过程,所以它会把记录下来的误差先写入driftfile.这样即使你重新开机以后之前的计算结果也就不会丢失了
2. 如何同步硬件时钟?
NTP一般只会同步system clock. 但是如果我们也要同步RTC(hwclock)的话那么只需要把下面的选项打开就可以了
代码:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd
SYNC_HWCLOCK=yes
七.格式化分区
ocr 我们要划分成2个100M，分别来存放ocr配置文件，votingdisk我们要分成3个100M的。 Asm4data 要分成两个，10G 存放数据文件，5G 用在flashback上。 Backup 我们分成一个区。
在一个结点执行格式化就可以了，因为他们是共享的。
[root@rh1 soft]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610): +100m
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (14-2610, default 14):
Using default value 14
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (14-2610, default 2610): +100m
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (27-2610, default 27):
Using default value 27
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (27-2610, default 2610): +100m
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (40-2610, default 40):
Using default value 40
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (40-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (40-2610, default 40):
Using default value 40
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (40-2610, default 2610): +100m
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (53-2610, default 53):
Using default value 53
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (53-2610, default 2610): +100m
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (66-2610, default 66):
Using default value 66
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (66-2610, default 2610): +10g
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (1283-2610, default 1283):
Using default value 1283
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1283-2610, default 2610): +5g
Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (1892-2610, default 1892):
Using default value 1892
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1892-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 14 26 104422+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc3 27 39 104422+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdc4 40 2610 20651557+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdc5 40 52 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdc6 53 65 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdc7 66 1282 9775521 83 Linux
/dev/sdc8 1283 1891 4891761 83 Linux
/dev/sdc9 1892 2610 5775336 83 Linux
八.配置raw 设备
所谓raw 设备，就是通过字符方式访问的设备，也就是读写设备不需要缓冲区。 在Linux 下，对磁盘值提供了块方式的访问。要想通过字符方式访问，必须配置raw 设备服务，并且Oracle 用户对这些raw 设备必须有访问的权限。
在2个节点上做如下操作：
1.修改/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules 文件
root@rh1 soft]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc3",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc5",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc6",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw[1-5]", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
2. 重启服务：
[root@rac1 ~]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
3. 查看raw设备：
[root@rh1 soft]# ls -lrt /dev/raw
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 May 17 15:02 raw5
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 May 17 15:02 raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 May 17 15:02 raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 May 17 15:02 raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 May 17 15:02 raw4
九.安装ASM软件
这里附一下ASM软件，我下了很多次，安装后总是configure失败，最后找到一个可以用的，应该是之前的版本不对
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnthLYB
两个节点都要安
[root@rh2 asm]# rpm -ivh *
warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [ 20%]
2:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el########################################### [ 40%]
3:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el########################################### [ 60%]
4:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el########################################### [ 80%]
5:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]
安装后在各个节点都要configure oracle dba y y
[root@rh2 asm]# service oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface [oracle]:
Default group to own the driver interface [dba]:
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [y]:
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
创建ASM磁盘
节点1创建
[root@rh1 asm]# service oracleasm createdisk ASM_DATA1 /dev/sdc7
Marking disk "ASM_DATA1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@rh1 asm]# service oracleasm createdisk ASM_DATA2 /dev/sdc8
Marking disk "ASM_DATA2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@rh1 asm]# service oracleasm listdisks
ASM_DATA1
ASM_DATA2
节点2要scan一下
[root@rh2 asm]# service oracleasm listdisks
[root@rh2 asm]# service oracleasm scandisks
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@rh2 asm]# service oracleasm listdisks
ASM_DATA1
ASM_DATA2
十.安装clusterware
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle10g/10201/10201_clusterware_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
因为Oracle10发行的时候还不支持rh5，修改安装目录里面oraparam.ini文件redhat-4直接改成5(可以用find -name oraparam.ini )，或者/etc/redhat-release 改成4
Has 'rootpre.sh' been run by root? [y/n] (n)
[root@rh1 rootpre]# sh rootpre.sh
No OraCM running
这里我们跑rootpre提示这个
网上说可以忽略
进行安装前的校验时又出现
[oracle@rh1 cluvfy]$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rh1,rh2 -verbose
ERROR:
Could not find a suitable set of interfaces for VIPs.
网上说可以忽略，之后跑vipca即可
目录要和我们创建的一样
这里默认只显示一个节点，需要手工添加
指定网卡类型，这里系统把所有可用的网卡都扫描进来，而我们实际需要用到的只有eth0跟eth1而已，手动屏蔽没用的网卡，注意还要将eth0改成public！
以root用户跑脚本，俩节点都跑，跑完一个在跑下一个
orainstROOT.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
root.sh
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already configured
/etc/oracle does not exist. Creating it now.
Setting the permissions on OCR backup directory
Setting up NS directories
Oracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfully
WARNING: directory '/u01' is not owned by root
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.
node :
node 1: rh1 rh1-priv rh1
node 2: rh2 rh2-priv rh2
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw3
Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw4
Now formatting voting device: /dev/raw/raw5
Format of 3 voting devices complete.
Startup will be queued to init within 90 seconds.
Adding daemons to inittab
Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.
CSS is active on these nodes.
rh1
CSS is inactive on these nodes.
rh2
Local node checking complete.
Run root.sh on remaining nodes to start CRS daemons.
节点2跑root.sh报错了
Running vipca(silent) for configuring nodeapps
/u01/crs_1/jdk/jre//bin/java: error while loading shared libraries: libpthread.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决这个问题，需要三个步骤来完成：
1、在每个节点上，修改$CRS_HOME/bin目录下的srvctl和vipca文件，在vipca文件ARGUMENTS=""行之前和srvctl文件的export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL行之后增加 unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL 语句
2、使用$CRS_HOME/bin目录下的oifcfg工具配置pub ip和pri ip
3、在任意一个节点上，用root用户，手动运行vipca，配置完正确的prvip和vip 信息之后，crs就可以安装完成，操作过程如下：
1.1、修改vipca文件，增加标记为红色的那一行
[root@rh2 ~]# cd /u01/crs_1/
[root@rh2 crs_1]# cd bin/
[root@rh2 bin]# cp vipca vipca.bak
[root@rh2 bin]# vi vipca
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Header: vipca.sbs 10-dec-2004.15:30:55 khsingh Exp $
#
# vipca
#
# Copyright (c) 2001, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
#
# NAME
# vipca - Node Apps and VIPs Configuration Assistant
#
# DESCRIPTION
# Oracle Cluster Node Applications Configuration Assistant is
# used to configure the Node Applications and the virtual IPs.
#
# MODIFIED (MM/DD/YY)
# khsingh 12/10/04 - fix LINUX workaround for bug 4054430
# khsingh 11/22/04 - remove obsolete files
# rxkumar 11/29/04 - fix bug4024708
# khsingh 10/07/04 - add workaround for bug (3937317)
# khsingh 09/27/04 - changes for PLE (3914991)
# khsingh 09/13/04 - add orahome arg back
# khsingh 08/16/04 - remove orahome arg
# khsingh 12/07/03 - change oembase to oemlt
# khsingh 10/31/03 - fix ice browser
# khsingh 10/29/03 - add jewt var
# khsingh 08/08/03 - fix ==
# jtellez 06/10/03 - change to srvm_trace
# rdasari 06/02/03 - set LD_LIBRARY_PATH appropriately for 32 and 64 bit solaris platforms
# jtellez 11/15/02 - change SRVM_DEFS to SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS
# jtellez 11/04/02 - Add srvm_defs
# jtellez 10/10/02 - fix srvmhas
# jtellez 10/04/02 - srvmhas to jlib
# jtellez 09/24/02 - add tracing
# jtellez 09/09/02 - add versions to jars
# rdasari 08/07/02 - use java instead of jre
# jtellez 08/08/02 - enhance comment
# jtellez 08/06/02 - add GUI jars
# rdasari 08/01/02 - use jdk131
# jtellez 07/26/02 - add srvmhas.jar to classpath
# jtellez 07/29/02 - add gui jars
# jtellez 07/24/02 - jtellez_vipca
# jtellez 7/24/02 - creation
#
#!/bin/sh
# Properties to pass directly to java
if [ "X$SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS" = "X" ]
then
SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS=""
fi
# Check for tracing
if [ "X$SRVM_TRACE" != "X" ]
then
SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS="$SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS -DTRACING.ENABLED=true -DTRACING.LEVEL=2"
fi
# External Directory Variables set by the Installer
JREDIR=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs/jdk/jre/
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs
export ORACLE_HOME;
/export
EMBASE_FILE=oemlt-10_1_0.jar
# GUI jars
EWTJAR=$JLIBDIR/$EWT_FILE
JEWTJAR=$JLIBDIR/$JEWT_FILE
ICEJAR=$JLIBDIR/$ICE_BROWSER5_FILE
EMBASEJAR=$JLIBDIR/$EMBASE_FILE
SHAREJAR=$JLIBDIR/$SHARE_FILE
HELPJAR=$JLIBDIR/$HELP_FILE
GUIJARS=$EWTJAR:$JEWTJAR:$SHAREJAR:$EMBASEJAR:$HELPJAR:$ICEJAR
# Set Classpath for Net Configuration Assistant
CLASSPATH=$JREJAR:$JRECLASSES:$OPSMJAR:$SRVMHASJAR:$VIPCAJAR:$GUIJARS
#Used for specifying any platforms specific Java options
JRE_OPTIONS=""
# Set the shared library path for JNI shared libraries
# A few platforms use an environment variable other than LD_LIBRARY_PATH
PLATFORM=`uname`
case $PLATFORM in
HP-UX) SHLIB_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib32:$SHLIB_PATH
export SHLIB_PATH
;;
AIX) LIBPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib32:$LIBPATH
export LIBPATH
;;
Linux) LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
#Remove this workaround when the bug 3937317 is fixed
arch=`uname -m`
if [ "$arch" = "i686" -o "$arch" = "ia64" ]
121 LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19
122 export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
123 fi
124 #End workaround
125 ;;
126 SunOS) MACH_HARDWARE=`/bin/uname -i`
127 case $MACH_HARDWARE in
128 i86pc)
129 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
130 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
131 ;;
132 *)
133 LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64
134 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64
135 JRE_OPTIONS="-d64"
136 ;;
137 esac
138 ;;
139 OSF1) LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
140 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
141 ;;
142
143 Darwin) DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
144 export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
145 ;;
146 *) if [ -d $ORACLE_HOME/lib32 ];
147 then
148 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib32:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
149 else
150 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
151 fi
152 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
153 ;;
154 esac
155
156 unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
157
158 ARGUMENTS=""
159 NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS=$#
160 if [ $NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS -gt 0 ]; then
161 ARGUMENTS=$*
162 fi
163
164 # Run Vipca
165 exec $JRE $JRE_OPTIONS $SRVM_PROPERTY_DEFS -classpath $CLASSPATH oracle.ops.vipca.VipCA -orahome $ORACLE_HOME $ARGUME NTS
"vipca" 167L, 5034C written
1.2、修改srvctl文件，增加标记为红色的那一行
[root@rh2 bin]# cp srvctl srvctl.bak
[root@rh2 bin]# vi srvctl
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Header: srvctl.sbs 29-nov-2004.11:56:24 rxkumar Exp $
#
# srvctl
#
# Copyright (c) 2000, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
#
# NAME
# srvctl - Oracle Server Control Utility
#
# DESCRIPTION
# Oracle Server Control Utility can be used to administer a RAC database,
# i.e., to modify the configuration information of a RAC
# database server as well as to do start/stop/status operations on the
# instances of the server.
#
# MODIFIED (MM/DD/YY)
# rxkumar 11/29/04 - fix bug4024708
# dliu 11/18/04 - replace OH
# khsingh 10/07/04 - add workaround for bug (3937317)
# khsingh 09/27/04 - update case statement (3914991)
# gdyoung 09/17/04 - ;;
# gdyoung 08/20/04 - ple/st script merging
# dliu 08/04/04 - get them work on linux
# dliu 11/20/03 - support for trace
# dliu 11/12/03 - unset ORA_CRSDEBUG
# bhamadan 09/18/03 - replacing s_jre131Location with s_jreLocation
# khsingh 06/25/03 - remove policy file
# rxkumar 06/03/03 - add srvmasm.jar
# rdasari 06/02/03 - set LD_LIBRARY_PATH appropriately for 32 and 64 bit solaris platforms
# dliu 02/21/03 - add i18n.jar
# dliu 11/13/02 - use ORA_CRS_UI_FMT to turn on output capture
# dliu 10/17/02 - turn on output capture
# jtellez 10/04/02 - make policy ==
# surchatt 09/06/02 - puttint policy file location
# rdasari 08/07/02 - use java instead of jre
# rdasari 08/01/02 - use jdk131
# jtellez 07/26/02 - add srvmhas.jar to classpath
# rdasari 05/09/01 - changing the header information
# rdasari 03/22/01 - changing to ops to srv.
# dliu 03/02/01 - use "$@" for argument list. this iscritical for correct interpretation of arguments with spaces in them..
# dliu 02/26/01 - fix bug #1656127: SHLIB_PATH change.
# dliu 02/23/01 - replace $ORACLE_HOME in classpath with an install variable..
# jcreight 11/08/00 - define OPSMJAR, not OPSJAR
"srvctl" 171L, 5554C
126 JRE_OPTIONS="-d64"
127 ;;
128 esac
129 ;;
130 OSF1) LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
131 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
132 ;;
133 Darwin)
134 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
135 export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
136 ;;
137 *) if [ -d $ORACLE_HOME/lib32 ];
138 then
139 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib32:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
140 else
141 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
142 fi
143 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
144 ;;
145 esac
146
147
148 # turn off crs debug flag that would otherwise interfere with crs profile
149 # modification
150 ORA_CRSDEBUG=0
151 export ORA_CRSDEBUG
152
153 # environment variable to turn on trace: set SRVM_TRACE to turn it on.
154 if [ "X$SRVM_TRACE" != "X" ]
155 then
156 TRACE="-DTRACING.ENABLED=true -DTRACING.LEVEL=2"
157 else
158 TRACE=
159 fi
160
161 if [ "X$SRVM_TRACE" != "X" ]
162 then
163 echo $JRE $JRE_OPTIONS -classpath $CLASSPATH $TRACE oracle.ops.opsctl.OPSCTLDriver "$@"
164 fi
165
166 #Remove this workaround when the bug 3937317 is fixed
167 LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19
168 export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
169 unset LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
170
171 # Run ops control utility
"srvctl" 173L, 5578C written
2、在任意一个节点上使用oifcfg配置public和vip网络
[root@rh2 bin]# ./oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.6.0:public
[root@rh2 bin]# ./oifcfg setif -global eth1/10.10.10.0:cluster_interconnect
[root@rh2 bin]# ./oifcfg getif
eth0 192.168.6.0 global public
eth1 10.10.10.0 global cluster_interconnect
-- 注意这里最后一个是0. 代表一个网段。 在一个节点设置之后，其他节点也能看到。
[root@rh1 bin]# ./oifcfg getif
eth0 192.168.6.0 global public
eth1 10.10.10.0 global cluster_interconnect
这时候没有必要再返回重新执行root.sh了，需要我们手工执行vipca命令来为两个节点添加一些必要的进程，至于在哪个节点上运行，这个就无所谓了，这里我是在RAC2上(root用户)执行vipca命令：
在空白处填写各节点对应的vip名称以及IP地址（其实只要填写RAC1的vip名称，再点其他空白处，就自动获取出来了），点击“next”
这个地方安装完之后就可以点击“ok”退出了。这里我们手工运行完vipca之后，如果成功，那么相当于RAC2的root.sh也顺利完成使命，下一步需要做的就是返回到RAC1节点，执行剩下的步骤，如下图所示：
点击OK
开始安装后的检验
这里有一个小插曲，在node1跑orainstRoot.sh由于疏忽使用了oracle用户，虽然之后又用root用跑了一次，但在最后第三项检测时还是失败了，这是由于/etc/oraInst.loc的权限不对，无法读取，更正后retry成功
[root@rh1 etc]# ls -l |grep -i ora
drwxr-xr-x 3 root oinstall 4096 May 18 12:56 oracle
-rwxr-x--- 1 root root 63 May 18 12:56 oraInst.loc
[root@rh1 etc]# chmod 644 /etc/oraInst.loc
[root@rh1 etc]# ls -l |grep -i ora
drwxr-xr-x 3 root oinstall 4096 May 18 12:56 oracle
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63 May 18 12:56 oraInst.loc
最后修改一下root用户环境变量
vi .bash_profile
PATH里添加ORA_CRS_HOME/bin
使用crs_stat -t 查看一下
至此clusterware安装结束！
十.安装Oracle 10gR2 database
1. 检查Oracle 的相关包。Oracle 10g 需要如下包
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
libaio-0.3.96
To see which versions of these packages are installed on your system, run the following command:
rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio openmotif21
建立yum软件仓库，通过yum来安装，yum install -y 包名
[root@rh1 u01]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@rh1 yum.repos.d]# ls
rhel-debuginfo.repo
[root@rh1 yum.repos.d]# cp rhel-debuginfo.repo yum.repo
[root@rh1 yum.repos.d]# vi yum.repo
[Base]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
在“warning”和“not executed”的小方框里面打勾，点击“next”
只装软件
以root用户跑脚本，俩节点都跑，跑完一个在跑下一个
[root@rh1 database]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
十一.配置监听
数据库软件安装完成之后，接下来要做的是给两个节点配置listener，也就是监听。监听在ORACLE RAC中的地位非常重要，如果监听没有配置好，后期使用RAC方式建立实例就会出问题，下面在RAC1节点上以oracle身份登陆，运行netca，打开网络配置，来完成监听过程的全过程。
通过oracle运行netca，打开网络配置界面，选择cluster配置方式，点击“next”
运行命令crs_stat -t，可以看到刚配置好的两个监听进程已经启动
十二.创建ASM 实例
1. 运行DBCA 命令
2. 选择 configure Automatic Storage Management， 来创建ASM 实例
3. 选择所有结点 
4. 输入密码。RAC 的spfile 必须放在共享目录下。 参数文件我们选择第一个initialization parameter。 也可以放在我们建的裸设备上。
这里密码设为oracle
5. ASM 实例创建完后，用Create New 来创建ASM 磁盘组。 我们用ASM_DATA1来创建一个DATA 组， ASM_DATA2 创建FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA组
Redundancy 一般选external 就是也就是不考虑冗余，假如选normal 则是mirror, 至少要一个FailGroup选High 就是triple mirror,3倍镜像，需要三个FailGroup
继续create
6. 创建完成后，能看到组的状态是Mount, ASM 组必须mount之后才能使用。
十三.DBCA建库
dbca
选择ASM 来存储， 分别选择我们刚创建的DATA 和
RCY
组
这里可以手工添加删除一些指定的表空间、控制文件、日志文件等，我选择系统默认，然后点击“next
改一下字符集
剩下都next
开始安装了
安完了检查一下
[root@rh1 database]# crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.prod.db application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....d1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....d2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....H1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora....H2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
[root@rh2 bin]# ./crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.prod.db application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....d1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....d2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....H1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora.rh1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rh1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora....H2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
ora.rh2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rh2
[oracle@rh1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 18 16:22:57 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> select status from gv$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
OPEN
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