【RMAN】rm -rf 误操作的恢复过程

----数据库在无备份且open情况下的恢复

 

本文地址URL： http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1623938/

很多一定对深恶痛绝吧，没准哪天自己一个犯迷糊就把数据库给消灭了，然后，就没有然后了……那万一……真的发生了这样的不幸，是否真的就无药可救了吗？未必，还是有解决方法的，也许某天当你不幸遇到，就可以用来救自己了。这里做恢复操作的前提是没有可用的备份，或者数据库冷备份等，也就是说，没有任何备份

1  登录SQLPLUS查看基本信息

先创建一个测试库，在测试库上来练习：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname oratest -sid oratest -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -responseFile NO_VALUE -datafileDestination /u02/app/oracle/oradata/ -redoLogFileSize 50 -recoveryAreaDestination /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -totalMemory 200 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE  -automaticMemoryManagement true

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

10% complete

17% complete

24% complete

35% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

37% complete

42% complete

47% complete

52% complete

53% complete

56% complete

58% complete

Registering database with Oracle Restart

64% complete

Completing Database Creation

68% complete

71% complete

75% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oratest/oratest.log" for further details.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ ORACLE_SID=oratest

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue May 5 13:42:00 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string      oratest

db_unique_name                       string      oratest

global_names                         boolean     FALSE

instance_name                        string      oratest

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

processor_group_name                 string

service_names                        string      oratest

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     4

Next log sequence to archive   6

Current log sequence           6

SQL>

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999

SQL> col FILE_NAME format a60

SQL> select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile

  2  union all

  3  select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile

  4  union all

  5  select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile

  6  union all

  7  select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile

  8  ;

FILE_TYPE        FILE# FILE_NAME                                                    STATUS  ENABLED

----------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------- ----------

datafile             1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf                 SYSTEM  READ WRITE

datafile             2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf                 ONLINE  READ WRITE

datafile             3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf                ONLINE  READ WRITE

datafile             4 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf                  ONLINE  READ WRITE

datafile             5 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf                ONLINE  READ WRITE

tempfile             1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf                   ONLINE  READ WRITE

logfile              3 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log

logfile              2 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log

logfile              1 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log

controlfile            /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl

controlfile            /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl

11 rows selected.

SQL>

SQL> create table aa  as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> insert into  aa select * from aa;

75203 rows created.

SQL>

SQL> select count(1) from aa;

  COUNT(1)

----------

    150406

SQL>

这里不提交，，，我们看看数据是否可以恢复。 

2  模拟rm -rf误操作

SQL> ! rm -rf /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/*

SQL> ! rm -rf /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/*

SQL> ! ls -l  /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/*

ls: cannot access /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/*: No such file or directory

SQL>

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue May 5 13:58:54 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects;

  COUNT(*)

----------

     75202

SQL>  select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------

OPEN

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

select open_mode from v$database

                      *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file

ORA-00202: control file: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SQL> create table aa as select * from  dba_objects;

create table aa as select * from  dba_objects

                                  *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 1

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SQL>

由于数据文件都被删除，其中包括，是存放数据字典的容器，想要再访问数据字典中得视图，当然是不可能的了，所以这里会报错，找不到文件，故障出现

--查看日志文件

Tue May 05 14:04:05 2015

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m001_30851.trc:

ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file

ORA-00202: control file: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

3  开始恢复

3.1  判断句柄位置

其实这个时候，所有的进程都还在，都是以开头的都是的后台进程： 

SQL> ! ps -ef|grep ora_

oracle   31843     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_oratest

oracle   31845     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_oratest

oracle   31847     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_vktm_oratest

oracle   31851     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_oratest

oracle   31853     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_oratest

oracle   31855     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_oratest

oracle   31857     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_oratest

oracle   31859     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_oratest

oracle   31861     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_oratest

oracle   31863     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_oratest

oracle   31865     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_oratest

oracle   31867     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_oratest

oracle   31869     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_oratest

oracle   31871     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_oratest

oracle   31873     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_oratest

oracle   31875     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_oratest

oracle   31877     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_oratest

oracle   31927     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc0_oratest

oracle   31935     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc1_oratest

oracle   31937     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc2_oratest

oracle   31939     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_arc3_oratest

oracle   31941     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_oratest

oracle   31957     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_oratest

oracle   31967     1  0 14:42 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_oratest

oracle   31969     1  0 14:42 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_oratest

oracle   31976     1  0 14:45 ?        00:00:00 ora_smco_oratest

oracle   31978     1  0 14:46 ?        00:00:00 ora_w000_oratest

oracle   32013     1  0 14:50 ?        00:00:00 ora_w001_oratest

oracle   32063 31989  0 14:57 pts/4    00:00:00 /bin/bash -c  ps -ef|grep ora_

oracle   32065 32063  0 14:57 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_

SQL>

--查看进程，判断需要恢复文件句柄所在目录

SQL> !ps -ef|grep ora_lgwr

oracle   31863     1  0 14:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_oratest

oracle   31995 31989  0 14:48 pts/4    00:00:00 /bin/bash -c ps -ef|grep ora_lgwr

oracle   31997 31995  0 14:48 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_lgwr

SQL>

由此可知，我们需要的被删除的文件句柄在/proc/31863/fd下 

此时，告警日志：Tue May 05 14:09:05 2015

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 1

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 2

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 4

ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5

ORA-01110: data file 5: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 201

ORA-01110: data file 201: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m000_30871.trc:

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 3

ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

Tue May 05 14:09:05 2015

Errors in file /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_m001_30873.trc:

ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file

ORA-00202: control file: '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

3.2  恢复数据文件、控制文件、tmp文件和online log文件

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ cd /proc/31863/fd

-bash: cd: /proc/30335/fd: Permission denied

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ cd /proc/31863/

[oracle@orcltest 30335]$ su - root

Password:

[root@orcltest ~]# cd /proc/31863/fd

[root@orcltest fd]# ll

total 0

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 0 -> /dev/null

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 1 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 10 -> /dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 11 -> /dev/zero

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 12 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 13 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 14 -> /proc/31863/fd

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 15 -> /dev/zero

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 16 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 17 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/lkORATEST

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 18 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 2 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 256 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 257 -> /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 258 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 259 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 260 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 261 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 262 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 263 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 264 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 265 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 266 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf (deleted)

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 3 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 4 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 5 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 6 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 7 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 8 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 9 -> /dev/null

[root@orcltest fd]#

[root@orcltest fd]# ll | grep deleted

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 256 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 257 -> /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 258 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 259 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 260 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 261 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 262 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 263 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 264 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 265 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 266 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf (deleted)

[root@orcltest fd]#

256266的文件末尾被标记，这是由刚才的操作所导致的，误删除后只要数据库未重启，进程就不会停止，那么就可以通过 DBWn进程号目录中的文件句柄号，来对这些被的文件进行恢复，方法就是文件句柄到原路径，注意一点这里如果不是在目录，那就要用绝对路径来指定文件句柄，如果删除文件后就，又对数据库进行了关闭操作，那就无解了,只能想想了。 

如果采用软件来作为终端查看的话，可以看到这几个的文件是一直闪动的，截了张图：
 

执行恢复，执行如下脚本：cp 256 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl cp 257 /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl cp 258 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log cp 259 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log cp 260 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log cp 261 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf cp 262 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf cp 263 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf cp 264 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf cp 265 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf cp 266 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf  

注意，这里一定要注意权限问题，要用oracle用户去cp，如果用root去cp出来的文件，oracle进程是没有权限操作的，当然，你也可以在用root恢复完后，再chown一下：
[root@ora10g fd]# chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle -R

但是一定要注意，必须等全部数据文件恢复后才可以做chown操作，因为一旦执行了该操作，原来的ora_进程会停止！！！你再也无法恢复丢失的数据了！！！这也是为什么推荐用oralce用户来cp的原因，有的时候oracle的权限不足，就只能使用root来copy了。

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 256 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 257 /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 258 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 259 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 260 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 261 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 262 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 263 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 264 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 265 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# cp 266 /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf

[root@orcltest fd]# chown oracle.oinstall /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/*

[root@orcltest fd]# chown oracle.oinstall /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl

对文件进行恢复以后，直接查询目录下的文件状态，依然可以看到是的，但是没关系，实际上文件已经恢复成功了 

[root@orcltest fd]# ll

total 0

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 0 -> /dev/null

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 1 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 10 -> /dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 11 -> /dev/zero

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 12 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 13 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 14 -> /proc/31863/fd

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 15 -> /dev/zero

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 16 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 17 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/lkORATEST

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 18 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:53 19 -> /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_lgwr_31863.trc

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 2 -> /dev/null

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:53 20 -> /u02/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oratest/oratest/trace/oratest_lgwr_31863.trm

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 256 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 257 -> /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 258 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 259 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 260 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 261 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 262 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 263 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 264 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 265 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 266 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf (deleted)

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 3 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 4 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 5 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 6 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 7 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 8 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 May  5 14:48 9 -> /dev/null

[root@orcltest fd]#

此时，不用管了，只要我们保证所有的文件以及到制定位置就可以了，下边关闭数据库即可。

3.3  如果数据库还没有关掉则关闭数据库

[oracle@orcltest fd]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue May 5 15:01:54 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> archive log list;

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest fd]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue May 5 15:03:40 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> set line 9999

SQL> col HOST_NAME format a10

SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME,HOST_NAME,VERSION,STARTUP_TIME,STATUS,ACTIVE_STATE,INSTANCE_ROLE,DATABASE_STATUS from gv$INSTANCE;

INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME  VERSION           STARTUP_TIME        STATUS       ACTIVE_ST INSTANCE_ROLE      DATABASE_STATUS

---------------- ---------- ----------------- ------------------- ------------ --------- ------------------ -----------------

oratest          orcltest   11.2.0.3.0        2015-05-05 15:03:11 OPEN         NORMAL    PRIMARY_INSTANCE   ACTIVE

SQL> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

-------------------

2015-05-05 15:06:48

SQL>

SQL> ! ps -ef|grep ora_lgwr_

oracle   32173     1  0 15:03 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_oratest

oracle   32285 32274  0 15:09 pts/4    00:00:00 /bin/bash -c  ps -ef|grep ora_lgwr_

oracle   32287 32285  0 15:09 pts/4    00:00:00 grep ora_lgwr_

SQL> select count(1) from aa;

  COUNT(1)

----------

    150406

SQL>

数据库自动重启了，而且数据也没有丢失，如果没有重启，我们可以手动重启一下，我们再次查看目录。

[root@orcltest ~]# cd /proc/32173/fd

[root@orcltest fd]# ll

total 0

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 0 -> /dev/null

l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 1 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 10 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 11 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 12 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 13 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 14 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 15 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 16 -> /dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 17 -> /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/hc_+ASM.dat

l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 18 -> /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/orcltest/alertorcltest.log

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 19 -> /dev/zero

l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 2 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 20 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 21 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 22 -> /proc/32173/fd

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 23 -> /dev/zero

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 24 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/hc_oratest.dat

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 25 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/lkORATEST

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 256 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/control01.ctl

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 257 -> /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/oratest/control02.ctl

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 258 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo01.log

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 259 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo02.log

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 26 -> /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 260 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/redo03.log

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 261 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/system01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 262 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/sysaux01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 263 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/undotbs01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 264 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/users01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 265 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/example01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 266 -> /u02/app/oracle/oradata/oratest/temp01.dbf

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 3 -> /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/orcltest/agent/ohasd/oraagent_grid/oraagent_gridOUT.log

l-wx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 4 -> /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/orcltest/agent/ohasd/oraagent_grid/oraagent_grid.log

lr-x------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 5 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 6 -> socket:[25060]

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 7 -> socket:[25061]

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 8 -> socket:[25062]

lrwx------ 1 root root 64 May  5 15:10 9 -> socket:[25063]

[root@orcltest fd]#

[root@orcltest ~]# cd /proc/31863/fd

-bash: cd: /proc/31863/fd: No such file or directory

此时数据文件都已经正常了，每次启动数据库实例后，进程都会再下生成一个相应的以进程号命名的目录，存放操作中涉及到的文件句柄，此时进程对应的目录已经变为，而原来的目录已经不存在了 

4  总结：

当我们进行操作系统命令的时候，切忌不可随意加参数，就算一定要用，也要确定再三后才能执行，否则对于数据库而言，可以说是灾难性的。这里只是测试了一下删除下的全部文件，试想一下，如果你当初执行的是呢？可能情况就要更加复杂一点了，恢复需要的步骤也就更多了。 

由于是在数据库状态下直接进行了破坏性操作，对于还来不及写入的那部分操作，肯定是会丢失的，因为我们通过文件句柄号恢复出来的日志文件中，并不一定包含数据库的最新变更，即便如此，对于误操作的恢复，还是有一定意义的，至少可以在你没有任何备份的情况下，多提供了一根救命稻草来拯救你的数据库，再次强调一下，后，千万不要着急地关闭数据库重启！！！否则就等着哭吧！！！