序

本文主要研究一下klog的Flush

Flush

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// Flush flushes all pending log I/O.
func Flush() {
    logging.lockAndFlushAll()
}

Flush方法执行的是logging.lockAndFlushAll()

init

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// init sets up the defaults and runs flushDaemon.
func init() {
    logging.stderrThreshold = errorLog // Default stderrThreshold is ERROR.
    logging.setVState(0, nil, false)
    logging.logDir = ""
    logging.logFile = ""
    logging.logFileMaxSizeMB = 1800
    logging.toStderr = true
    logging.alsoToStderr = false
    logging.skipHeaders = false
    logging.addDirHeader = false
    logging.skipLogHeaders = false
    logging.oneOutput = false
    go logging.flushDaemon()
}

klog的init方法异步协程执行logging.flushDaemon()

logging.flushDaemon()

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// flushDaemon periodically flushes the log file buffers.
func (l *loggingT) flushDaemon() {
    for range time.NewTicker(flushInterval).C {
        l.lockAndFlushAll()
    }
}

flushDaemon方法range新建ticker的channel，然后执行l.lockAndFlushAll()

lockAndFlushAll

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// lockAndFlushAll is like flushAll but locks l.mu first.
func (l *loggingT) lockAndFlushAll() {
    l.mu.Lock()
    l.flushAll()
    l.mu.Unlock()
}

lockAndFlushAll使用lock执行flushAll

flushAll

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

const (
    infoLog severity = iota
    warningLog
    errorLog
    fatalLog
    numSeverity = 4
)

// flushAll flushes all the logs and attempts to "sync" their data to disk.
// l.mu is held.
func (l *loggingT) flushAll() {
    // Flush from fatal down, in case there's trouble flushing.
    for s := fatalLog; s >= infoLog; s-- {
        file := l.file[s]
        if file != nil {
            file.Flush() // ignore error
            file.Sync()  // ignore error
        }
    }
}

flushAll方法从fatalLog开始递减到infoLog级别挨个执行l.file[s]的Flush及Sync方法

flushSyncWriter

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// flushSyncWriter is the interface satisfied by logging destinations.
type flushSyncWriter interface {
    Flush() error
    Sync() error
    io.Writer
}

type Writer interface {
    Write(p []byte) (n int, err error)
}

flushSyncWriter接口定义了Flush、Sync方法，内嵌了io.Writer接口

redirectBuffer

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// redirectBuffer is used to set an alternate destination for the logs
type redirectBuffer struct {
    w io.Writer
}

func (rb *redirectBuffer) Sync() error {
    return nil
}

func (rb *redirectBuffer) Flush() error {
    return nil
}

func (rb *redirectBuffer) Write(bytes []byte) (n int, err error) {
    return rb.w.Write(bytes)
}

redirectBuffer内嵌了io.Writer，其Write方法通过io.Writer来写；其Sync及Flush方法都为空操作

syncBuffer

k8s.io/klog/v2@v2.4.0/klog.go

// syncBuffer joins a bufio.Writer to its underlying file, providing access to the
// file's Sync method and providing a wrapper for the Write method that provides log
// file rotation. There are conflicting methods, so the file cannot be embedded.
// l.mu is held for all its methods.
type syncBuffer struct {
    logger *loggingT
    *bufio.Writer
    file     *os.File
    sev      severity
    nbytes   uint64 // The number of bytes written to this file
    maxbytes uint64 // The max number of bytes this syncBuffer.file can hold before cleaning up.
}

func (sb *syncBuffer) Sync() error {
    return sb.file.Sync()
}

func (sb *syncBuffer) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
    if sb.nbytes+uint64(len(p)) >= sb.maxbytes {
        if err := sb.rotateFile(time.Now(), false); err != nil {
            sb.logger.exit(err)
        }
    }
    n, err = sb.Writer.Write(p)
    sb.nbytes += uint64(n)
    if err != nil {
        sb.logger.exit(err)
    }
    return
}

syncBuffer定义了logger、file、sev、nbytes、maxbytes属性，内嵌了*bufio.Writer；其Sync方法执行的是*os.File.Sync；其Flush方法执行的是*bufio.Writer.Flush

Flush

/usr/local/go/src/bufio/bufio.go

type Writer struct {
    err error
    buf []byte
    n   int
    wr  io.Writer
}

// Flush writes any buffered data to the underlying io.Writer.
func (b *Writer) Flush() error {
    if b.err != nil {
        return b.err
    }
    if b.n == 0 {
        return nil
    }
    n, err := b.wr.Write(b.buf[0:b.n])
    if n < b.n && err == nil {
        err = io.ErrShortWrite
    }
    if err != nil {
        if n > 0 && n < b.n {
            copy(b.buf[0:b.n-n], b.buf[n:b.n])
        }
        b.n -= n
        b.err = err
        return err
    }
    b.n = 0
    return nil
}

*bufio.Writer.Flush方法执行的是底层io.Writer的Write方法

rotateFile

// rotateFile closes the syncBuffer's file and starts a new one.
// The startup argument indicates whether this is the initial startup of klog.
// If startup is true, existing files are opened for appending instead of truncated.
func (sb *syncBuffer) rotateFile(now time.Time, startup bool) error {
    if sb.file != nil {
        sb.Flush()
        sb.file.Close()
    }
    var err error
    sb.file, _, err = create(severityName[sb.sev], now, startup)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    if startup {
        fileInfo, err := sb.file.Stat()
        if err != nil {
            return fmt.Errorf("file stat could not get fileinfo: %v", err)
        }
        // init file size
        sb.nbytes = uint64(fileInfo.Size())
    } else {
        sb.nbytes = 0
    }
    sb.Writer = bufio.NewWriterSize(sb.file, bufferSize)

    if sb.logger.skipLogHeaders {
        return nil
    }

    // Write header.
    var buf bytes.Buffer
    fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "Log file created at: %s\n", now.Format("2006/01/02 15:04:05"))
    fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "Running on machine: %s\n", host)
    fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "Binary: Built with %s %s for %s/%s\n", runtime.Compiler, runtime.Version(), runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
    fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "Log line format: [IWEF]mmdd hh:mm:ss.uuuuuu threadid file:line] msg\n")
    n, err := sb.file.Write(buf.Bytes())
    sb.nbytes += uint64(n)
    return err
}

syncBuffer.rotateFile方法会设置其Writer为bufio.NewWriterSize(sb.file, bufferSize)，底层writer为syncBuffer的file

小结

klog的init方法异步协程执行logging.flushDaemon()，它内部执行的是l.lockAndFlushAll()；Flush方法是执行l.lockAndFlushAll()；l.lockAndFlushAll()方法使用lock执行flushAll；flushAll方法从fatalLog开始递减到infoLog级别挨个执行l.file[s]的Flush及Sync方法；对于redirectBuffer，其Flush及Sync方法为空操作；对于syncBuffer，其Sync方法执行的是*os.File.Sync；其Flush方法执行的是*bufio.Writer.Flush，*bufio.Writer.Flush方法执行的是底层io.Writer的Write方法，即syncBuffer的file的Write方法。

doc

• klog