Java教程
Spring Cloud Sleuth服务链路追踪
本文主要是介绍Spring Cloud Sleuth服务链路追踪，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
Zipkin服务追踪原理
创造一些追踪标识符（tracingId，spanId，parentId），最终将一个request的流程树构建出来，各业务系统在彼此调用时，将特定的跟踪消息传递至zipkin,zipkin在收集到跟踪信息后将其聚合处理、存储、展示等，用户可通过web UI方便获得网络延迟、调用链路、系统依赖等等。
transport作用：收集被trace的services的spans，并将它们转化为zipkin common Span，之后把这些Spans传递的存储层
collector会对一个到来的被trace的数据（span）进行验证、存储并设置索引(Cassandra/ES-search/Memory)
Zipkin基本概念&核心数据结构
- Annotation（用途：用于定位一个request的开始和结束，cs/sr/ss/cr含有额外的信息，比如说时间点）：
- cs：Client Start,表示客户端发起请求一个span的开始
- sr：Server Receive,表示服务端收到请求
- ss：Server Send,表示服务端完成处理，并将结果发送给客户端
- cr：Client Received,表示客户端获取到服务端返回信息一个span的结束，当这个annotation被记录了，这个RPC也被认为完成。客户端调用时间=cr-cs，服务端处理时间=sr-ss。
- Span：一个请求（包含一组Annotation和BinaryAnnotation）；它是基本工作单元，一次链路调用(可以是RPC，DB等没有特定的限制)创建一个span，通过一个64位ID标识它。
- span通过还有其他的数据，例如描述信息，时间戳，key-value对的(Annotation)tag信息，parent-id等,其中parent-id可以表示span调用链路来源，通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息
- Trace：类似于树结构的Span集合，表示一条调用链路，存在唯一标识通过traceId（全局的跟踪ID，是跟踪的入口点，根据需求来决定在哪生成traceId）、spanId（请求跟踪ID，比如一次rpc等）和parentId（上一次 请求跟踪ID，用来将前后的请求串联起来），被收集到的span会汇聚成一个tree，从而提供出一个request的整体流程。
整个描述：在一次Trace中，每个服务的每一次调用，就是一个基本工作单元，就像上图中的每一个树节点，称之为span。每一个span都有一个id作为唯一标识，同样每一次Trace都会生成一个traceId在span中作为追踪标识，另外再通过一个parentId标明本次调用的发起者（就是发起者的span-id）。当span有了上面三个标识后，就可以很清晰的将多个span进行梳理串联，最终归纳出一条完整的跟踪链路。
代码实践操作
无存储方式，只需要控制台
本文的源代码在：git@github.com:chengcheng222e/springcloud-learn.git 欢迎大家去fork。
/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/eureka-server
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class,args);
}
}
复制代码application.properties
spring.application.name=eureka-server
server.port=8001
eureka.instance.hostname=localhost
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
复制代码/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/zipkin-server
package com.allei;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import zipkin.server.internal.EnableZipkinServer;
@EnableZipkinServer
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZipkinApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZipkinApplication.class, args);
}
}
复制代码application.properties
spring.application.name=zipkin-server
server.port=10000
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8001/eureka/
zipkin.instance.hostname=localhost
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://${zipkin.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/
spring.sleuth.enabled=false
spring.sleuth.sampler.probability=1.0
spring.sleuth.hystrix.strategy.enabled=true
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
复制代码/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-a
package com.allei;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class TraceAApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/trace-a", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String trace() throws InterruptedException {
log.info("call trace-a----->");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1l);
return restTemplate().getForEntity("http://trace-b/trace-b", String.class).getBody();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TraceAApplication.class, args);
}
}
复制代码application.properties
spring.application.name=trace-a server.port=10001 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8001/eureka/ spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:10000 spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1 # log trace detail logging.level.org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet=DEBUG 复制代码
/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-b
package com.allei;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang.math.RandomUtils;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class TraceBApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/trace-b", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String trace() throws InterruptedException {
log.info("call trace-b----->");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(RandomUtils.nextInt(2));
return restTemplate().getForEntity("http://trace-c/trace-c", String.class).getBody();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TraceBApplication.class, args);
}
}
复制代码application.properties
spring.application.name=trace-b server.port=10002 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8001/eureka/ spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:10000 spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1 # log trace detail logging.level.org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet=DEBUG 复制代码
/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-c
package com.allei;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang.math.RandomUtils;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class TraceCApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/trace-c", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String trace() throws InterruptedException {
log.info("call trace-c----->");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(RandomUtils.nextInt(2));
return "hello trace";
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TraceCApplication.class, args);
}
}
复制代码application.properties
spring.application.name=trace-c server.port=10003 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8001/eureka/ spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:10000 spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1 # log trace detail logging.level.org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet=DEBUG 复制代码
全部把服务启动起来，然后我们去注册中心看一下启动的服务情况。
我们从trace-a服务触发一个服务：
查阅一下日志
/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-a 日志
2020-01-10 12:04:51.226 DEBUG [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,c8df468b969a0917,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : GET "/trace-a", parameters={}
2020-01-10 12:04:51.240 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,c8df468b969a0917,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] com.allei.TraceAApplication : call trace-a----->
2020-01-10 12:04:52.528 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-b.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:52.558 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-trace-b
2020-01-10 12:04:52.558 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: trace-b instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=trace-b,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2020-01-10 12:04:52.564 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2020-01-10 12:04:52.588 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-b.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:52.590 INFO [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client trace-b initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=trace-b,current list of Servers=[172.18.232.69:10002],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:1; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:172.18.232.69:10002; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@128e37fa
2020-01-10 12:04:53.573 INFO [trace-a,,,] 2626 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-b.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:54.397 DEBUG [trace-a,c8df468b969a0917,c8df468b969a0917,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed 200 OK
2020-01-10 12:04:54.731 DEBUG [trace-a,4eb7430157ffd40f,4eb7430157ffd40f,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : GET "/favicon.ico", parameters={}
2020-01-10 12:04:54.749 DEBUG [trace-a,4eb7430157ffd40f,4eb7430157ffd40f,false] 2626 --- [io-10001-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed 200 OK
2020-01-10 12:06:16.665 INFO [trace-a,,,] 2626 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
2020-01-10 12:11:16.661 INFO [trace-a,,,] 2626 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
复制代码/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-b 日志
2020-01-10 12:04:52.733 DEBUG [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : GET "/trace-b", parameters={}
2020-01-10 12:04:52.752 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] com.allei.TraceBApplication : call trace-b----->
2020-01-10 12:04:53.062 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-c.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:53.108 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-trace-c
2020-01-10 12:04:53.108 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: trace-c instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=trace-c,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2020-01-10 12:04:53.116 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2020-01-10 12:04:53.146 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-c.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:53.148 INFO [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client trace-c initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=trace-c,current list of Servers=[172.18.232.69:10003],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:1; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:172.18.232.69:10003; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@4e144ec0
2020-01-10 12:04:54.124 INFO [trace-b,,,] 2862 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: trace-c.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-01-10 12:04:54.374 DEBUG [trace-b,c8df468b969a0917,a4c77f10471bb209,false] 2862 --- [io-10002-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed 200 OK
2020-01-10 12:06:57.545 INFO [trace-b,,,] 2862 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
2020-01-10 12:11:57.541 INFO [trace-b,,,] 2862 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
复制代码/Users/chenyuan/Workspaces/Github/springcloud-learn/trace-c 日志
2020-01-10 12:04:53.306 DEBUG [trace-c,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 3211 --- [io-10003-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : GET "/trace-c", parameters={}
2020-01-10 12:04:53.320 INFO [trace-c,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 3211 --- [io-10003-exec-1] com.allei.TraceCApplication : call trace-c----->
2020-01-10 12:04:54.346 DEBUG [trace-c,c8df468b969a0917,e9651abffa9bf1d2,false] 3211 --- [io-10003-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed 200 OK
2020-01-10 12:08:09.576 INFO [trace-c,,,] 3211 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
2020-01-10 12:13:09.572 INFO [trace-c,,,] 3211 --- [trap-executor-0] c.n.d.s.r.aws.ConfigClusterResolver : Resolving eureka endpoints via configuration
复制代码参考地址
- www.cnblogs.com/mxmbk/p/982…
- juejin.im/post/5c3d4d…
- github.com/openzipkin/…
- www.cnblogs.com/sxdcgaq8080…
- blog.csdn.net/u010046908/…
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